Korean pronunciation dictionary
This page gives the pronunciation in Korean of the names of historical and semi-historical people active before 1950, including characters in state foundation myths. These are grouped mostly by time period and state, with chronological lists of monarchs given separately and other sections each following Korean alphabetical order. There are uncertainties about many of the dates given here, especially the further one goes back in the past, and some dates are clearly improbable, like the reign dates of 42 – 199 for King Suro of Geumgwan-Gaya. There are also uncertainties about which part if any of many personal names of the Three Kingdoms Period and before represented surnames.
건국 신화의 등장 인물을 포함해서 1950년 이전에 활동한 역사적 및 반(半)역사적 인명의 한국어 발음을 제시한다. 대체로 시대별, 국가별로 묶어서 연대순의 군주 목록은 따로 제시하고 나머지 인명의 세부 목록은 각각 가나다순으로 적는다. 여기서 제시하는 연도 가운데는 특히 시대를 거슬러 올라갈수록 불확실한 것이 많으며 금관가야의 수로왕의 재위 기간인 42년~199년처럼 명백히 불가능해 보이는 것들도 있다. 또 삼국시대와 그 이전의 인명 가운데 다수는 성씨가 무엇인지 불확실하기도 하다.
The names are given first in bold in hangul, followed by the phonetic respelling in hangul in square brackets ([ ]) if the pronunciation is different from the original spelling. This is followed by the name in hanja and the years of birth and death. The romanization is given first in the official Revised Romanization used in South Korea (RR) followed by a partial translation of the name if necessary, and second in the older McCune–Reischauer system (MR) which is widely used outside of South Korea, in the variant used by the American Library Association – Library of Congress (ALA-LC). A two-syllable given name is always separated by a hyphen (-) in this variant, which is not done in the original MR system. Next, the phonemic transcription is given between slashes (/ /) followed by the phonetic transcription in square brackets ([ ]), both in the International Phonetic Alphabet (see: IPA transcription of Korean). The gender is marked as (M) for masculine and (F) for feminine, followed by a brief label in English and Korean to describe who the person is. For monarchs, reign dates are given where known, e.g. r. 1418 – 1450 for King Sejong.
먼저 이름을 굵은 글씨의 한글로 표기하고 철자와 다른 경우 발음을 꺾쇠표([ ]) 사이에 한글로 적는다. 이어서 한자 이름과 생몰년을 적는다. 로마자 표기는 먼저 대한민국에서 공식적으로 쓰는 국어의 로마자 표기법(RR)을 따른 것을 적고 필요한 경우 일부를 번역해서 보이며 둘째로 국외에서 널리 쓰이는 매큔·라이샤워 표기법(MR) 가운데서 미국도서관협회·미국의회도서관(ALA-LC)에서 쓰는 형태를 따른 것을 적는다. 이 변형에서는 원래의 매큔·라이샤워 표기법과 달리 두 음절의 이름을 언제나 줄임표(-)로 나누어 적는다. 이어서 빗금(/ /) 사이에는 음소 전사, 꺾쇠표([ ]) 사이에는 음성 전사를 국제 음성 기호로 나타낸다. 인물이 남성이면 (M), 여성이면 (F)로 표시하며 이어서 영어와 한국어로 간략하게 어떤 인물인지 표시한다. 군주의 경우 알려진 재위 기간을 적는다(예: 세종 r. 1418 – 1450).
Monarchs of Gojoseon 고조선의 군주
- 단군 檀君/壇君 (? – ?) RR: Dan(-)gun MR: Tan’gun /dan.ɡun/ [d̥an.ɡun] (M)
- alternative name 별칭: 단군왕검 檀君王儉 RR: Dan(-)gunwanggeom MR: Tan’gun Wanggŏm /dan.ɡun-waŋ.ɡʌm/ [d̥an.ɡun|waŋ.ɡʌm → d̥an.ɡu.nwaŋ.ɡʌm]
- 부왕[부ː-] 否王 (? – ?) RR: Buwang “King Bu” MR: Pu Wang /buː-waŋ/ [b̥uː.waŋ] (M)
- 준왕[주ː놩] 準王 (? – ?) RR: Junwang “King Jun” MR: Chun Wang /ʣʲuːn-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲuːn|waŋ → ʣ̥ʲuː.nwaŋ] (M)
- personal name 성명: 기준 箕準 RR: Gi Jun MR: Ki Chun /ɡi ʣʲuːn/ [ɡ̊i|ʣ̥ʲuːn → ɡ̊i.ʣʲun]
- 위만 衛滿 (? – ?) RR: Wiman MR: Wiman /y.man/ [y.man, ɥi-] (M) r. 194 BC – ?
- 우거왕[우ː–] 右渠王 (? – 108 BC) RR: Ugeowang “King Ugeo” MR: Ugŏ Wang /uː.ɡʌ-waŋ/ [uː.ɡʌ.waŋ] (M)
Monarchs of Buyeo 부여의 군주
- 해모수[해ː–] 解慕漱 (? – ?) RR: Hae Mo(-)su MR: Hae Mo-su /hɛː moː.z̥ʰu/ [hɛː|moː.z̥ʰu → hɛː.mo.z̥ʰu] (M)
- 해부루[해ː–] 解夫婁 (? – ?) RR: Hae Bu(-)ru MR: Hae Pu-ru /hɛː bu.lu/ [hɛː|b̥u.ɾu → hɛː.bu.ɾu] (M)
- 금와 金蛙/金蝸 (? – ?) RR: Geumwa MR: Kŭmwa /ɡɯm.wa/ [ɡ̊ɯ.mwa] (M)
- 대소[대ː-] 帶素 (? – 22) RR: Daeso MR: Taeso /dɛː.z̥ʰo/ [d̥ɛː.z̥ʰo] (M)
People of Buyeo 부여의 인물
- 유화 柳花 (? – 24 BC) RR: Yuhwa MR: Yuhwa /ᴸju.hwa/ [ju.ɦwa] (F) mother of Jumong in Goguryeo’s foundation myth 고구려 건국신화에서 주몽의 어머니
- 하백 河伯 (? – ?) RR: Habaek MR: Habaek /ha.bɛɡ/ [ha.bɛk] (M) water god, father of Yuhwa 물의 신·유화의 아버지
Monarchs of Geumgwan-Gaya 금관가야의 군주
Geumgwan-Gaya, also known as Garakguk, is the only one of the dozen or so Gaya mini-states for which an extensive list of its monarchs survives.
가락국으로도 알려진 금관가야는 10여개의 가야 소국 가운데 유일하게 자세한 군주 목록이 알려져있다.
- 수로왕 首露王 (? – 199) RR: Surowang “King Suro” MR: Suro Wang /z̥ʰu.lo-waŋ/ [z̥ʰu.ɾo.waŋ] (M) r. 42 – 199
- personal name 성명: 김수로 金首露 RR: Gim Su(-)ro MR: Kim Su-ro /ɡim z̥ʰu.lo/ [ɡ̊im.z̥ʰu.ɾo]
- 거등왕 居登王 (? – 253) RR: Geodeung(-)wang “King Geodeung” MR: Kŏdŭng Wang /ɡʌ.dɯŋ-waŋ/ [ɡ̊ʌ.dɯŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 199 – 253
- 마품왕 麻品王 (? – 291) RR: Mapumwang “King Mapum” MR: Map’um Wang /ma.pʰum-waŋ/ [ma.pʰum|waŋ → ma.pʰu.mwaŋ] (M) r. 253 – 291
- 거질미왕 居叱彌王 (? – 346) RR: Geojilmiwang “King Geojilmi” MR: Kŏjilmi Wang /ɡʌ.ʣʲil.mi-waŋ/ [ɡ̊ʌ.ʣʲil.mi.waŋ] (M) r. 291 – 346
- 이시품왕 伊尸品王 (? – 407) RR: Isipumwang “King Isipum” MR: Isip’um Wang /i.z̥ʰi.pʰum-waŋ/ [i.ɕʰi.pʰum|waŋ → i.ɕʰi.pʰu.mwaŋ] (M) r. 346 – 407
- 좌지왕[좌ː–] 坐知王 (? – 421) RR: Jwajiwang “King Jwaji” MR: Chwaji Wang /ʣʲwaː.ʣʲi-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲwaː.ʣʲi.waŋ] (M) r. 407 – 421
- 취희왕[취ː히-] 吹希王 (? – 451) RR: Chwihuiwang “King Chwihui” MR: Ch’wihŭi Wang /ʦʲʰyː.hi-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰyː.ɦi.waŋ, ʦʲʰɥiː-] (M) r. 421 – 451
- 질지왕[-찌-] 銍知王 (? – 491) RR: Jiljiwang “King Jilji” MR: Chilchi Wang /ʣʲilᴰ.ʣʲi-waŋ → ʣʲil.ʦʲi-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲil.ʦʲi.waŋ] (M) r. 451 – 491
- 겸지왕 鉗知王 (? – 521) RR: Gyeomjiwang “King Gyeomji” MR: Kyŏmji Wang /ɡjʌm.ʣʲi-waŋ/ [ɡ̊jʌm.ʣʲi.waŋ] (M) r. 491 – 521
- 구형왕 仇衡王 (? – ?) RR: Guhyeong(-)wang “King Guhyeong” MR: Kuhyŏng Wang /ɡu.hjʌŋ-waŋ/ [ɡ̊u.ɦjʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 521 – 532
People of Geumgwan-Gaya 금관가야의 인물
- 허황옥 許黃玉 (? – 188) RR: Heo Hwang(-)ok MR: Hŏ Hwang-ok /hʌ hwaŋ.oɡ/ [hʌ|hwaŋ.ok → hʌ.ɦwaŋ.ok] (F) queen of King Suro 수로왕의 비
Monarchs of Daegaya 대가야의 군주
- 이진아시왕 伊珍阿豉王 (? – ?) RR: Ijinasiwang “King Ijinasi” MR: Ijinasi Wang /i.ʣʲin.a.z̥ʰi-waŋ/ [i.ʣʲi.na.ɕʰi.waŋ] (M) r. 42 – ?
- 도설지왕[도ː-찌-] 道設智王 (? – ?) RR: Doseoljiwang “King Doseolji” MR: Tosŏlchi Wang /doː.z̥ʰʌlᴰ.ʣʲi-waŋ → doː.z̥ʰʌl.ʦʲi-waŋ/ [d̥oː.z̥ʰʌl.ʦʲi.waŋ] (M) r. ? – 562
Monarchs of Goguryeo 고구려의 군주
- 동명^성왕[–성ː-] 東明聖王 (58 BC – 19 BC) RR: Dongmyeong Seong(-)wang “King Dongmyeong the Holy” MR: Tongmyŏng Sŏngwang /doŋ.mjʌŋ z̥ʰʌːŋ.waŋ/ [d̥oŋ.mjʌŋ|z̥ʰəːŋ.waŋ → d̥oŋ.mjʌŋ.z̥ʰʌŋ.waŋ] or 또는 동명왕 東明王 RR: Dongmyeong(-)wang “King Dongmyeong” MR: Tongmyŏng Wang /doŋ.mjʌŋ-waŋ/ [d̥oŋ.mjʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 37 BC – 19 BC
- forename 이름: 주몽 朱蒙 RR: Jumong MR: Chumong /ʣʲu.moŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲu.moŋ] or 또는 추모 皺牟 RR: Chumo MR: Ch’umo /ʦʲʰu.mo/ [ʦʲʰu.mo]
- 유리왕 瑠璃王/琉璃王 (? – 18) RR: Yuriwang “King Yuri” MR: Yuri Wang /ᴸju.li-waŋ/ [ju.ɾi.waŋ] (M) r. 19 BC – AD 18
- 대무신왕[대ː—] 大武神王 (4 – 44) RR: Daemusinwang “King Daemusin” MR: Taemusin Wang /dɛː.mu.z̥ʰin-waŋ/ [d̥ɛː.mu.ɕʰin|waŋ → d̥ɛː.mu.ɕʰi.nwaŋ] (M) r. 18 – 44
- 민중왕 閔中王 (? – 48) RR: Minjung(-)wang “King Minjung” MR: Minjung Wang /min.ʣʲuŋ-waŋ/ [min.ʣʲuŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 44 – 48
- 모본왕[모ː–] 慕本王 (? – 53) RR: Mobonwang “King Mobon” MR: Mobon Wang /moː.bon-waŋ/ [moː.bon|waŋ → moː.bo.nwaŋ] (M) r. 48 – 53
- 태조왕 太祖王 (47 – 165) RR: Taejowang “King Taejo” MR: T’aejo Wang /tʰɛ.ʣʲo-waŋ/ [tʰɛ.ʣʲo.waŋ] or 또는 태조대왕 太祖大王 RR: Taejodaewang “King Taejodae” MR: T’aejodae Wang /tʰɛ.ʣʲo.dɛ-waŋ/ [tʰɛ.ʣʲo.dɛ.waŋ] (M) r. 53 – 146
- 차대왕 次大王 (71 – 165) RR: Chadaewang “King Chadae” MR: Ch’adae Wang /ʦʲʰa.dɛ-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰa.dɛ.waŋ] (M) r. 146 – 165
- 신대왕 新大王 (? – 179) RR: Sindaewang “King Sindae” MR: Sindae Wang /z̥ʰin.dɛ-waŋ/ [ɕʰin.dɛ.waŋ] (M) r. 165 – 179
- 고국천왕[고ː—] 故國川王 (? – 197) RR: Gogukcheonwang “King Gogukcheon” MR: Kogukch’ŏn Wang /ɡoː.ɡuɡ.ʦʲʰʌn-waŋ/ [ɡ̊oː.ɡuk.ʦʲʰʌn|waŋ → ɡ̊oː.ɡuk.ʦʲʰʌ.nwaŋ] (M) r. 179 – 197
- 산상왕 山上王 (? – 227) RR: Sansang(-)wang “King Sansang” MR: Sansang Wang /z̥ʰan.z̥ʰaŋ-waŋ/ [z̥ʰan.z̥ʰaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 197 – 227
- 동천왕 東川王 (209 – 248) RR: Dongcheonwang “King Dongcheon” MR: Tongch’ŏn Wang /doŋ.ʦʲʰʌn-waŋ/ [d̥oŋ.ʦʲʰʌn|waŋ → d̥oŋ.ʦʲʰʌ.nwaŋ] (M) r. 227 – 248
- 중천왕 中川王 (224 – 270) RR: Jungcheonwang “King Jungcheon” MR: Chungch’ŏn Wang /ʣʲuŋ.ʦʲʰʌn-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲuŋ.ʦʲʰʌn|waŋ → ʣ̥ʲuŋ.ʦʲʰʌ.nwaŋ] (M) r. 248 – 270
- 서천왕 西川王 (? – 292) RR: Seocheonwang “King Seocheon” MR: Sŏch’ŏn Wang /z̥ʰʌ.ʦʲʰʌn-waŋ/ [z̥ʰʌ.ʦʲʰʌn|waŋ → z̥ʰʌ.ʦʲʰʌ.nwaŋ] (M) r. 270 – 292
- 봉상왕 烽上王 (? – 300) RR: Bongsang(-)wang “King Bongsang” MR: Pongsang Wang /boŋ.z̥ʰaŋ-waŋ/ [b̥oŋ.z̥ʰaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 292 – 300
- 미천왕 美川王 (? – 331) RR: Micheonwang “King Micheon” MR: Mich’ŏn Wang /mi.ʦʲʰʌn-waŋ/ [mi.ʦʲʰʌn|waŋ → mi.ʦʲʰʌ.nwaŋ] (M) r. 300 – 331
- forename 이름: 을불 乙弗 RR: Eulbul MR: Ŭlbul /ɯl.bul/ [ɯl.bul]
- 고국원왕[고ː—] 故國原王 (? – 371) RR: Gogugwonwang “King Gogugwon” MR: Kogugwŏn Wang /ɡoː.ɡuɡ.wʌn-waŋ/ [ɡ̊oː.ɡu.ɡwʌn|waŋ → ɡ̊oː.ɡu.ɡwʌ.nwaŋ] (M) r. 331 – 371
- 소수림왕[소ː—] 小獸林王 (? – 384) RR: Sosurimwang “King Sosurim” MR: Sosurim Wang /z̥ʰoː.z̥ʰu.lim-waŋ/ [z̥ʰoː.z̥ʰu.ɾim|waŋ → z̥ʰoː.z̥ʰu.ɾi.mwaŋ] (M) r. 371 – 384
- 고국양왕[고ː—] 故國壤王 (? – 391) RR: Gogugyang(-)wang “King Gogugyang” MR: Kogugyang Wang /ɡoː.ɡuɡ.jaŋ-waŋ/ [ɡ̊oː.ɡu.ɡjaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 384 – 391
- 광개토왕 廣開土王 (374 – 412) RR: Gwanggaetowang “King Gwanggaeto” MR: Kwanggaet’o Wang /ɡwaŋ.ɡɛ.tʰo.waŋ/ [ɡ̊waŋ.ɡɛ.tʰo.waŋ] or 또는 광개토^대왕[—대ː-] 廣開土大王 RR: Gwanggaeto Daewang “King Gwanggaeto the Great” MR: Kwanggaet’o Taewang /ɡwaŋ.ɡɛ.tʰo dɛː.waŋ/ [ɡ̊waŋ.ɡɛ.tʰo|d̥ɛː.waŋ → ɡ̊waŋ.ɡɛ.tʰo.dɛː.waŋ] (M) r. 391 – 412
- 장수왕 長壽王 (394 – 491) RR: Jangsuwang “King Jangsu” MR: Changsu Wang /ʣʲaŋ.z̥ʰu-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲaŋ.z̥ʰu.waŋ] (M) r. 412 – 491
- 문자^명왕 文咨明王 (? – 519) RR: Munja Myeong(-)wang “King Munja the Bright” MR: Munja Myŏngwang /mun.ʣʲa mjʌŋ.waŋ/ [mun.ʣʲa.mjʌŋ.waŋ] or 또는 문자왕 文咨王 RR: Munjawang “King Munja” MR: Munja Wang /mun.ʣʲa-waŋ/ [mun.ʣʲa.waŋ] (M) r. 491 – 519
- 안장왕 安臧王 (? – 531) RR: Anjang(-)wang “King Anjang” MR: Anjang Wang /an.ʣʲaŋ-waŋ/ [an.ʣʲaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 519 – 531
- 안원왕 安原王 (? – 545) RR: Anwonwang “King Anwon” MR: Anwŏn Wang /an.wʌn-waŋ/ [a.nwʌn|waŋ → a.nwʌ.nwaŋ] (M) r. 531 – 545
- 양원왕 陽原王 (? – 559) RR: Yang(-)wonwang “King Yang(-)won” MR: Yangwŏn Wang /jaŋ.wʌn-waŋ/ [jaŋ.wʌn|waŋ → jaŋ.wʌ.nwaŋ] (M) r. 545 – 559
- 평원왕 平原王 (? – 590) RR: Pyeong(-)wonwang “King Pyeong(-)won” MR: P’yŏngwŏn Wang /pʰjʌŋ.wʌn-waŋ/ [pʰjʌŋ.wʌn|waŋ → pʰjʌŋ.wʌ.nwaŋ] (M) r. 559 – 590
- 영양왕 嬰陽王 (? – 618) RR: Yeong(-)yang(-)wang “King Yeong(-)yang” MR: Yŏngyang Wang /jʌŋ.jaŋ-waŋ/ [jʌŋ.jaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 590 – 618
- 영류왕[-뉴-] 榮留王 (? – 642) RR: Yeongnyu(-)wang “King Yeongnyu” MR: Yŏngnyu Wang /jʌŋ.lju-waŋ → jʌŋ.nju-waŋ/ [jʌŋ.nju.waŋ] (M) r. 618 – 642
- 보장왕[보ː–] 寶藏王 (? – 682) RR: Bojang(-)wang “King Bojang” MR: Pojang Wang /boː.ʣʲaŋ-waŋ/ [b̥oː.ʣʲaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 642 – 668
People of Goguryeo 고구려의 인물
- 검모잠[검ː–] 劍牟岑 (? – ?) RR: Geom Mo(-)jam MR: Kŏm Mo-jam /ɡʌːm mo.ʣʲam/ [ɡ̊əːm.mo.ʣʲam] (M) leader of movement to restore Goguryeo 고구려 부흥 운동 지도자
- 고덕무[-덩-] 高德武 (? – ?) RR: Go Deok(-)mu MR: Ko Tŏng-mu /ɡo dʌɡ.mu → ɡo dʌŋ.mu/ [ɡ̊o|d̥ʌŋ.mu → ɡ̊o.dʌŋ.mu] (M) son of King Bojang 보장왕의 아들
- 고선지 高仙芝 (? – 755) RR: Go Seon(-)ji MR: Ko Sŏn-ji /ɡo z̥ʰʌn.ʣʲi/ [ɡ̊o.z̥ʰʌn.ʣʲi] (M) Tang dynasty general of Goguryeo descent 고구려계 당나라 장군
- 고운 高雲 (? – 409) RR: Go Un MR: Ko Un /ɡo un/ [ɡ̊o.un] (M) Northern Yan emperor of Goguryeo descent 고구려계 북연 황제
- 담징[담ː-] 曇徵 (579 – 631) RR: Damjing MR: Tamjing /daːm.ʣʲiŋ/ [d̥aːm.ʣʲiŋ] (M) Buddhist monk, painter 승려·화가
- 도림[도ː-] 道琳 (? – ?) RR: Dorim MR: Torim /doː.lim/ [d̥oː.ɾim] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
- 소서노 召西奴 (? – ?) RR: Soseono MR: Sosŏno /z̥ʰo.z̥ʰʌ.no/ [z̥ʰo.z̥ʰʌ.no] (F) queen of King Dongmyeong 동명성왕의 비
- 양만춘 楊萬春 (? – ?) RR: Yang Man(-)chun MR: Yang Man-ch’un /jaŋ man.ʦʲʰun/ [jaŋ.man.ʦʲʰun] (M) name later given to the commander of Ansi Fortress 후대에 전하는 안시성주의 이름
- 연개소문 淵蓋蘇文 (? – 665) RR: Yeon Gaesomun MR: Yŏn Kaesomun /jʌn ɡɛː.z̥ʰo.mun/ [jʌn|ɡ̊ɛː.z̥ʰo.mun → jʌn.ɡɛ.z̥ʰo.mun] (M) politician, general 정치가·장군
- 온달 溫達 (? – 590) RR: Ondal MR: Ondal /on.dal/ [on.dal] (M) general 장군
- 왕산악 王山岳 (? – ?) RR: Wang San(-)ak MR: Wang San-ak /waŋ z̥ʰan.aɡ/ [waŋ|z̥ʰan|ak → waŋ.z̥ʰa.nak] (M) musician 음악가
- 을지문덕[-찌–] 乙支文德 (? – ?) RR: Eulji Mun(-)deok MR: Ŭlchi Mun-dŏk /ɯlᴰ.ʣʲi mun.dʌɡ → ɯl.ʦʲi mun.dʌɡ/ [ɯl.ʦʲi.mun.dʌk] (M) general 장군
- 을파소 乙巴素 (? – 203) RR: Eulpaso MR: Ŭlp’aso /ɯl.pʰa.z̥ʰo/ [ɯl.pʰa.z̥ʰo] (M) prime minister 재상
- 이문진[이ː–] 李文眞 (? – ?) RR: I Mun(-)jin MR: Yi Mun-jin /ᴸiː mun.ʣʲin/ [iː.mun.ʣʲin] (M) scholar, historian 학자·역사가
- 이정기[이ː–] 李正己 (732 – 781) RR: I Jeong(-)gi MR: Yi Chŏng-gi /ᴸiː ʣʲʌːŋ.ɡi/ [iː|ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.ɡi → iː.ʣʲʌŋ.ɡi] (M) Tang dynasty military governor of Goguryeo descent 고구려 유민 출신의 당나라 절도사
- 평강^공주 平岡公主 (? – ?) RR: Pyeonggang Gongju “Princess Pyeonggang” MR: P’yŏnggang Kongju /pʰjʌŋ.ɡaŋ ɡoŋ.ʣʲu/ [pʰjʌŋ.ɡaŋ|ɡ̊oŋ.ʣʲu → pʰjʌŋ.ɡaŋ.ɡoŋ.ʣʲu] (F) daughter of King Pyeongwon 평원왕의 딸
- 혜자[혜ː-/헤ː-] 惠慈 (? – ?) RR: Hyeja MR: Hyeja /hjeː.ʣʲa/ [hjeː.ʣʲa] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
- 호동[호ː-] 好童 (? – 32) RR: Hodong MR: Hodong /hoː.doŋ/ [hoː.doŋ] or 또는 호동^왕자[호ː—] 好童王子 RR: Hodong Wangja “Prince Hodong” MR: Hodong Wangja /hoː.doŋ waŋ.ʣʲa/ [hoː.doŋ.waŋ.ʣʲa] (M) son of King Daemusin 대무신왕의 아들
Monarchs of Baekje 백제의 군주
- 온조왕 溫祚王 (? – 28) RR: Onjowang “King Onjo” MR: Onjo Wang /on.ʣʲo-waŋ/ [on.ʣʲo.waŋ] (M) r. 18 BC – AD 28
- 다루왕 多婁王 (? – 77) RR: Daruwang “King Daru” MR: Taru Wang /da.lu-waŋ/ [d̥a.ɾu.waŋ] (M) r. 28 – 77
- 기루왕 己婁王 (? – 128) RR: Giruwang “King Giru” MR: Kiru Wang /ɡi.lu-waŋ/ [ɡ̊i.ɾu.waŋ] (M) r. 77 – 128
- 개루왕[개ː–] 蓋婁王 (? – 166) RR: Gaeruwang “King Gaeru” MR: Kaeru Wang /ɡɛː.lu-waŋ/ [ɡ̊ɛː.ɾu.waŋ] (M) r. 128 – 166
- 초고왕 肖古王 (? – 214) RR: Chogowang “King Chogo” MR: Ch’ogo Wang /ʦʲʰo.ɡo-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰo.ɡo.waŋ] (M) r. 166 – 214
- 구수왕 仇首王 (? – 234) RR: Gusuwang “King Gusu” MR: Kusu Wang /ɡu.z̥ʰu-waŋ/ [ɡ̊u.z̥ʰu.waŋ] (M) r. 214 – 234
- 사반왕 沙伴王 (? – ?) RR: Sabanwang “King Saban” MR: Saban Wang /z̥ʰa.ban-waŋ/ [z̥ʰa.ban|waŋ → z̥ʰa.ba.nwaŋ] (M) r. 234
- 고이왕[고ː–] 古爾王 (? – 286) RR: Goiwang “King Goi” MR: Koi Wang /ɡoː.i-waŋ/ [ɡ̊oː.i.waŋ] (M) r. 234 – 286
- 책계왕[-꼐-/-께-] 責稽王 (? – 298) RR: Chaekgyewang “King Chaekgye” MR: Ch’aekkye Wang /ʦʲʰɛɡ.ɡje-waŋ → ʦʲʰɛɡ.kje-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰɛk.kje.waŋ] (M) r. 286 – 298
- 분서왕 汾西王 (? – 304) RR: Bunseowang “King Bunseo” MR: Bunsŏ Wang /bun.z̥ʰʌ-waŋ/ [b̥un.z̥ʰʌ.waŋ] (M) r. 298 – 304
- 비류왕[비ː–] 比流王 (? – 344) RR: Biryuwang “King Biryu” MR: Piryu Wang /biː.lju-waŋ/ [b̥iː.ɾju.waŋ] (M) r. 304 – 344
- 계왕[계ː-/게ː-] 契王 (? – 346) RR: Gyewang “King Gye” MR: Kye Wang /ɡjeː-waŋ/ [ɡ̊jeː.waŋ] (M) r. 344 – 346
- 근초고왕[근ː—] 近肖古王 (? – 375) RR: Geunchogowang “King Geunchogo” MR: Kŭnch’ogo Wang /ɡɯːn.ʦʲʰo.ɡo-waŋ/ [ɡ̊ɯːn.ʦʲʰo.ɡo.waŋ] (M) r. 346 – 375
- 근구수왕[근ː—] 近仇首王 (? – 384) RR: Geun(-)gusuwang “King Geun(-)gusu” MR: Kŭn’gusu Wang /ɡɯːn.ɡu.z̥ʰu-waŋ/ [ɡ̊ɯːn.ɡu.z̥ʰu.waŋ] (M) r. 375 – 384
- 침류왕[침ː뉴-] 枕流王 (? – 385) RR: Chimnyuwang “King Chimnyu” MR: Ch’imnyu Wang /ʦʲʰiːm.lju-waŋ → ʦʲʰiːm.nju-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰiːm.nju.waŋ] (M) r. 384 – 385
- 진사왕 辰斯王 (? – 392) RR: Jinsawang “King Jinsa” MR: Chinsa Wang /ʣʲin.z̥ʰa-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲin.z̥ʰa.waŋ] (M) r. 385 – 392
- 아신왕 阿莘王 (? – 405) RR: Asinwang “King Asin” MR: Asin Wang /a.z̥ʰin-waŋ/ [a.ɕʰin|waŋ → a.ɕʰi.nwaŋ] (M) r. 392 – 405
- 전지왕 腆支王 (? – 420) RR: Jeonjiwang “King Jeonji” MR: Chŏnji Wang /ʣʲʌn.ʣʲi-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲʌn.ʣʲi.waŋ] (M) r. 405 – 420
- 구이신왕[구ː—] 久爾辛王 (? – 427) RR: Gu(-)isinwang “King Gu(-)i” MR: Kuisin Wang /ɡuː.i.z̥ʰin-waŋ/ [ɡ̊uː.i.ɕʰin|waŋ → ɡ̊uː.i.ɕʰi.nwaŋ] (M) r. 420 – 427
- 비유왕 毘有王 (? – 455) RR: Biyuwang “King Biyu” MR: Piyu Wang /bi.ju-waŋ/ [b̥i.ju.waŋ] (M) r. 427 – 455
- 개로왕[개ː–] 蓋鹵王 (? – 475) RR: Gaerowang “King Gaero” MR: Kaero Wang /ɡɛː.lo-waŋ/ [ɡ̊ɛː.ɾo.waŋ] (M) r. 455 – 475
- 문주왕 文周王/文洲王 (? – 477) RR: Munjuwang “King Munju” MR: Munju Wang /mun.ʣʲu-waŋ/ [mun.ʣʲu.waŋ] (M) r. 475 – 477
- 삼근왕 三斤王 (? – 479) RR: Samgeunwang “King Samgeun” MR: Samgŭn Wang /z̥ʰam.ɡɯn-waŋ/ [z̥ʰam.ɡɯn|waŋ → z̥ʰam.ɡɯ.nwaŋ] (M) r. 477 – 479
- 동성왕 東城王 (? – 501) RR: Dongseong(-)wang “King Dongseong” MR: Tongsŏng Wang /doŋ.z̥ʰʌŋ-waŋ/ [d̥oŋ.z̥ʰʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 479 – 501
- 무령왕[무ː–] 武寧▽王 (462 – 523) RR: Muryeong(-)wang “King Muryeong” MR: Muryŏng Wang /muː.ljʌŋ-waŋ/ [muː.ɾjʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 501 – 523 Irregular reading of 寧 as 령 ryeong instead of 녕 nyeong 寧의 본음인 ‘녕’ 대신 속음 ‘령’ 사용
- 성왕[성ː-] 聖王 (? – 554) RR: Seong(-)wang “King Seong” MR: Sŏng Wang /z̥ʰʌːŋ-waŋ/ [z̥ʰəːŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 523 – 554
- 위덕왕 威德王 (525 – 598) RR: Wideogwang “King Wideok” MR: Widŏk Wang /y.dʌɡ-waŋ/ [y.dʌk, ɥi-|waŋ → y.dʌ.ɡwaŋ, ɥi-] (M) r. 554 – 598
- 혜왕[혜ː-/헤ː-] 惠王 (? – 599) RR: Hyewang “King Hye” MR: Hye Wang /hjeː-waŋ/ [hjeː.waŋ] (M) r. 598 – 599
- 법왕 法王 (? – 600) RR: Beobwang “King Beop” MR: Pŏp Wang /b̥ʌb-waŋ/ [b̥ʌp|waŋ → b̥ʌ.bwaŋ] (M) r. 599 – 600
- 무왕[무ː-] 武王 (? – 641) RR: Muwang “King Mu” MR: Mu Wang /muː-waŋ/ [muː.waŋ] (M) r. 600 – 641
- 의자왕[의ː–] 義慈王 (? – ?) RR: Uijawang “King Uija” MR: Ŭija Wang /ɰiː.ʣʲa-waŋ/ [ɰiː.ʣʲa.waŋ] (M) r. 641 – 660
- 풍왕 豊王 (? – ?) RR: Pung(-)wang “King Pung” MR: P’ung Wang /pʰuŋ-waŋ/ [pʰuŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 660 – 663 not traditionally recognized as king 전통적으로는 왕으로 인정하지 않음
- personal name 성명: 부여풍 扶餘豊 RR: Buyeo Pung MR: Puyŏ P’ung /bu.jʌ pʰuŋ/ [b̥u.jʌ.pʰuŋ]
People of Baekje 백제의 인물
- 겸익 謙益 (? – ?) RR: Gyeomik MR: Kyŏmik /ɡjʌm.iɡ/ [ɡ̊jʌ.mik] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
- 계백 階伯 (? – 660) RR: Gye Baek MR: Kye Paek /ɡje bɛɡ/ [ɡ̊je|b̥ɛk → ɡ̊je.bɛk] (M) general 장군
- 고흥 高興 (? – ?) RR: Go Heung MR: Ko Hŭng /ɡo hɯːŋ/ [ɡ̊o|hɯːŋ → ɡ̊o.ɦɯŋ] (M) scholar, historian 학자·역사가
- 마라난타 摩羅難陀 (? – ?) RR: Marananta MR: Maranant’a /ma.la.nan.tʰa/ [ma.ɾa.nan.tʰa] (M) Buddhist monk from India 인도에서 온 승려
- 미마지 味摩之 (? – ?) RR: Mimaji MR: Mimaji /mi.ma.ʣʲi/ [mi.ma.ʣʲi] (M) musician, dancer 음악가·무용가
- 부여융 扶餘隆 (615 – 682) RR: Buyeo Yung MR: Puyŏ Yung /bu.jʌ juŋ/ [b̥u.jʌ.juŋ] (M) son of King Uija 의자왕의 아들
- 비류[비ː-] 沸流 (? – ?) RR: Biryu MR: Piryu /biː.lju/ [b̥iː.ɾju] (M) King Onjo’s elder brother 온조왕의 형
- 성충 成忠 (? – 656) RR: Seong Chung MR: Sŏng Ch’ung /z̥ʰʌŋ ʦʲʰuŋ/ [z̥ʰʌŋ.ʦʲʰuŋ] (M) official 관리
- 아비지 阿非知 (? – ?) RR: Abiji MR: Abiji /a.bi.ʣʲi/ [a.bi.ʣʲi] (M) architectural engineer 건축기술자
- 아좌^태자 阿佐太子 (? – ?) RR: Ajwa Taeja “Crown Prince Ajwa” MR: Ajwa T’aeja /a.ʣʲwa tʰɛ.ʣʲa/ [a.ʣʲwa.tʰɛ.ʣʲa] (M) son of King Wideok, painter 위덕왕의 아들·화가
- 아직기[–끼] 阿直岐 (? – ?) RR: Ajikgi MR: Ajikki /a.ʣʲiɡ.ɡi → a.ʣʲiɡ.ki/ [a.ʣʲik.ki] (M) scholar 학자
- 왕인 王仁 (? – ?) RR: Wang In MR: Wang In /waŋ in/ [waŋ.in] (M) scholar 학자
- 혜총[혜ː-/헤ː-] 惠聰/慧聰 (? – ?) RR: Hyechong MR: Hyech’ong /hjeː.ʦʲʰoŋ/ [hjeː.ʦʲʰoŋ] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
- 흑치상지 黑齒常之 (? – ?) RR: Heukchi Sang(-)ji MR: Hŭkch’i Sang-ji /hɯɡ.ʦʲʰi z̥ʰaŋ.ʣʲi/ [hɯk.ʦʲʰi.z̥ʰaŋ.ʣʲi] (M) general 장군
- 흥수 興首 (? – ?) RR: Heung Su MR: Hŭng Su /hɯŋ z̥ʰu/ [hɯŋ.z̥ʰu] (M) official 관리
Monarchs of Silla 신라의 군주
The first monarch of Silla known to use the Sino-Korean title 왕 王 wang “king” was King Jijeung, but previous monarchs are still conventionally called 왕 王 wang (e.g. 내물왕 奈勿王 Naemurwang). The native titles such as 거서간 居西干 geoseogan or 이사금 尼師今 isageum are also given for the monarchs up to King Jijeung.
왕(王)이라는 한자 칭호를 최초로 사용한 것으로 알려진 신라 군주는 지증왕이지만 그 이전의 군주들도 통상적으로 왕이라 칭한다(예: 내물왕 奈勿王). 지증왕까지는 거서간(居西干), 이사금(尼師今) 등의 토착 칭호도 함께 제시한다.
- 박혁거세[바켝꺼-] 朴赫居世 (69 BC – AD 4) RR: Bak Hyeokgeose MR: Pak Hyŏkkŏse /baɡ hjʌɡ.ɡʌ.z̥ʰe → baɡ hjʌɡ.kʌ.z̥ʰe/ [b̥ak|hjʌk.kʌ.z̥ʰe → b̥a.kʰjʌk.kʌ.z̥ʰe] or 또는 혁거세왕[-꺼–] 赫居世王 RR: Hyokgeosewang “King Hyeokgeose” MR: Hyŏkkŏse Wang /hjʌɡ.kʌ.z̥ʰe waŋ/ [hjʌk.kʌ.z̥ʰe.waŋ] (M) r. 57 BC – AD 4
- native title 토착 칭호: 혁거세^거서간[-꺼—-] 赫居世居西干 RR: Hyokgeose Geoseogan MR: Hyŏkkŏse Kŏsŏgan /hjʌɡ.ɡʌ.z̥ʰe ɡʌ.z̥ʰʌ.ɡan → hjʌɡ.kʌ.z̥ʰe ɡʌ.z̥ʰʌ.ɡan/ [hjʌk.kʌ.z̥ʰe|ɡ̊ʌ.z̥ʰʌ.ɡan → hjʌk.kʌ.z̥ʰe.ɡʌ.z̥ʰʌ.ɡan]
- 남해왕 南解王 (? – 24) RR: Namhaewang “King Namhae” MR: Namhae Wang /nam.hɛ-waŋ/ [nam.ɦɛ.waŋ] (M) r. 4 – 24
- native title 토착 칭호: 남해^차차웅 南解次次雄 RR: Namhae Chachaung MR: Namhae Ch’ach’aung /nam.hɛ ʦʲʰa.ʦʲʰa.uŋ/ [nam.ɦɛ.ʦʲʰa.ʦʲʰa.uŋ]
- 유리왕 儒理王 (? – 57) RR: Yuriwang “King Yuri” MR: Yuri Wang /ju.li-waŋ/ [ju.ɾi.waŋ] (M) r. 24 – 57
- native title 토착 칭호: 유리^이사금 儒理尼師今 RR: Yuri Isageum MR: Yuri Isagŭm /ju.li i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [ju.ɾi.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 탈해왕 脫解王 (? – 80) RR: Talhaewang “King Talhae” MR: T’arhae Wang /tʰal.hɛ-waŋ/ [tʰaɾ.ɦɛ.waŋ] (M) r. 57 – 80
- native title 토착 칭호: 탈해^이사금 脫解尼師今 RR: Talhae Isageum MR: T’arhae Isagŭm /tʰal.hɛ i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [tʰaɾ.ɦɛ.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- personal name 성명: 석탈해 昔脫解 RR: Seok Tal(-)hae MR: Sŏk T’ar-hae /z̥ʰʌɡ tʰal.hɛ/ [z̥ʰʌk.tʰaɾ.ɦɛ]
- 파사왕 婆娑王 (? – 112) RR: Pasawang “King Pasa” MR: P’asa Wang /pʰa.z̥ʰa-waŋ/ [pʰa.z̥ʰa.waŋ] (M) r. 80 – 112
- native title 토착 칭호: 파사^이사금 婆娑尼師今 RR: Pasa Isageum MR: P’asa Isagŭm /pʰa.z̥ʰa i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [pʰa.z̥ʰa.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 지마왕 祗摩王 (? – 134) RR: Jimawang “King Jima” MR: Chima Wang /ʣʲi.ma-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲi.ma.waŋ] (M) r. 112 – 134
- native title 토착 칭호: 지마^이사금 祗摩尼師今 RR: Jima Isageum MR: Chima Isagŭm /ʣʲi.ma i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [ʣ̥ʲi.ma.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 일성왕[-썽-] 逸聖王 (? – 154) RR: Ilseong(-)wang “King Ilseong” MR: Ilsŏng Wang /ilᴰ.z̥ʰʌŋ-waŋ → il.sʌŋ-waŋ/ [il.sʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 134 – 154
- native title 토착 칭호: 일성^이사금[-썽—] 逸聖尼師今 RR: Ilseong Isageum MR: Ilsŏng Isagŭm /ilᴰ.z̥ʰʌŋ i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm → il.sʌŋ i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [il.sʌŋ.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 아달라왕 阿達羅王 (? – 184) RR: Adallawang “King Adalla” MR: Adalla Wang /a.dal.la-waŋ/ [a.dal.la.waŋ] (M) r. 154 – 184
- native title 토착 칭호: 아달라^이사금 阿達羅尼師今 RR: Adalla Isageum MR: Adalla Isagŭm /a.dal.la i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [a.dal.la.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 벌휴왕 伐休王 (? – 196) RR: Beolhyuwang “King Beolhyu” MR: Pŏrhyu Wang /bʌl.hju-waŋ/ [b̥ʌɾ.ɦju.waŋ] (M) r. 184 – 196
- native title 토착 칭호: 벌휴^이사금 伐休尼師今 RR: Beolhyu Isageum MR: Pŏrhyu Isagŭm /bʌl.hju i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [b̥ʌɾ.ɦju.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 내해왕 奈解王 (? – 230) RR: Naehaewang “King Naehae” MR: Naehae Wang /nɛ.hɛ-waŋ/ [nɛ.ɦɛ.waŋ] (M) r. 196 – 230
- native title 토착 칭호: 내해^이사금 奈解尼師今 RR: Naehae Isageum MR: Naehae Isagŭm /nɛ.hɛ i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [nɛ.ɦɛ.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 조분왕[조ː–] 助賁王 (? – 247) RR: Jobunwang “King Jobun” MR: Chobun Wang /ʣʲoː.bun-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲoː.bun|waŋ → ʣ̥ʲoː.bu.nwaŋ] (M) r. 230 – 247
- native title 토착 칭호: 조분^이사금[조ː—-] 助賁尼師今 RR: Jobun Isageum MR: Chobun Isagŭm /ʣʲoː.bun i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [ʣ̥ʲoː.bun|i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm → ʣ̥ʲoː.bu.ni.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 첨해왕 沾解王 (? – 261) RR: Cheomhaewang “King Cheomhae” MR: Ch’ŏmhae Wang /ʦʲʰʌm.hɛ-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰʌm.ɦɛ.waŋ] (M) r. 247 – 261
- native title 토착 칭호: 첨해^이사금 沾解尼師今 RR: Cheomhae Isageum MR: Ch’ŏmhae Isagŭm /ʦʲʰʌm.hɛ i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [ʦʲʰʌm.ɦɛ.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 미추왕 味鄒王 (? – 284) RR: Michuwang “King Michu” MR: Mich’u Wang /mi.ʦʲʰu-waŋ/ [mi.ʦʲʰu.waŋ] (M) r. 261 – 284
- native title 토착 칭호: 미추^이사금 味鄒尼師今 RR: Michu Isageum MR: Mich’u Isagŭm /mi.ʦʲʰu i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [mi.ʦʲʰu.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 유례왕 儒禮王 (? – 298) RR: Yuryewang “King Yurye” MR: Yurye Wang /ju.lje-waŋ/ [ju.ɾje.waŋ] (M) r. 284 – 298
- native title 토착 칭호: 유례^이사금 儒禮尼師今 RR: Yurye Isageum MR: Yurye Isagŭm /ju.lje i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [ju.ɾje.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 기림왕 基臨王 (? – 310) RR: Girimwang “King Girim” MR: Kirim Wang /ɡi.lim-waŋ/ [ɡ̊i.ɾim|waŋ → ɡ̊i.ɾi.mwaŋ] (M) r. 298 – 310
- native title 토착 칭호: 기림^이사금 基臨尼師今 RR: Girim Isageum MR: Kirim Isagŭm /ɡi.lim i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [ɡ̊i.ɾim|i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm → ɡ̊i.ɾi.mi.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 흘해왕 訖解王 (? – 356) RR: Heulhaewang “King Heulhae” MR: Hŭrhae Wang /hɯl.hɛ-waŋ/ [hɯɾ.ɦɛ.waŋ] (M) r. 310 – 356
- native title 토착 칭호: 흘해^이사금 訖解尼師今 RR: Heulhae Isageum MR: Hŭrhae Isagŭm /hɯl.hɛ i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [hɯɾ.ɦɛ.i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 내물왕 奈勿王 (? – 402) RR: Naemurwang “King Naemul” MR: Naemul Wang /nɛ.mul-waŋ/ [nɛ.mul|waŋ → nɛ.mu.ɾwaŋ] (M) r. 356 – 402
- native title 토착 칭호: 내물^마립간[—-깐] 奈勿麻立干 RR: Naemul Maripgan MR: Naemul Maripkan /nɛ.mul ma.lib.ɡan → nɛ.mul ma.lib.kan/ [nɛ.mul.ma.ɾip.kan] or 또는 내물^이사금 奈勿尼師今 RR: Naemul Isageum MR: Naemul Isagŭm /nɛ.mul i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm/ [nɛ.mul|i.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm → nɛ.mu.ɾi.z̥ʰa.ɡɯm]
- 실성왕[-썽-] 實聖王 (? – 417) RR: Silseong(-)wang “King Silseong” MR: Silsŏng Wang /z̥ʰilᴰ.z̥ʰʌŋ-waŋ → z̥ʰil.sʌŋ-waŋ/ [ɕʰil.sʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 402 – 417
- native title 토착 칭호: 실성^마립간[-썽–깐] 實聖麻立干 RR: Silseong Maripgan MR: Silsŏng Maripkan /z̥ʰilᴰ.z̥ʰʌŋ ma.lib.ɡan → z̥ʰil.sʌŋ ma.lib.kan/ [ɕʰil.sʌŋ.ma.ɾip.kan]
- 눌지왕[-찌-] 訥祗王 (? – 458) RR: Nuljiwang “King Nulji” MR: Nulchi Wang /nulᴰ.ʣʲi-waŋ → nul.ʦʲi-waŋ/ [nul.ʦʲi.waŋ] (M) r. 417 – 458
- native title 토착 칭호: 눌지^마립간[-찌–깐] 訥祗麻立干 RR: Nulji Maripgan MR: Nulchi Maripkan /nulᴰ.ʣʲi ma.lib.ɡan → nul.ʦʲi ma.lib.kan/ [nul.ʦʲi.ma.ɾip.kan]
- 자비왕 慈悲王 (? – 479) RR: Jabiwang “King Jabi” MR: Chabi Wang /ʣʲa.bi-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲa.bi.waŋ] (M) r. 458 – 479
- native title 토착 칭호: 자비^마립간[—-깐] 慈悲麻立干 RR: Jabi Maripgan MR: Chabi Maripkan /ʣʲa.bi ma.lib.ɡan → ʣʲa.bi ma.lib.kan/ [ʣ̥ʲa.bi.ma.ɾip.kan]
- 소지왕 炤知王 (? – 500) RR: Sojiwang “King Soji” MR: Soji Wang /z̥ʰo.ʣʲi-waŋ/ [z̥ʰo.ʣʲi.waŋ] (M) r. 479 – 500
- native title 토착 칭호: 소지^마립간[—-깐] 炤知麻立干 RR: Soji Maripgan MR: Soji Maripkan /z̥ʰo.ʣʲi ma.lib.ɡan → z̥ʰo.ʣʲi ma.lib.kan/ [z̥ʰo.ʣʲi.ma.ɾip.kan]
- 지증왕 智證王 (437 – ?) RR: Jijeung(-)wang “King Jijeung” MR: Chijŭng Wang /ʣʲi.ʣʲɯŋ-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲi.ʣʲɯŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 500 – 514
- native title 토착 칭호: 지증^마립간[—-깐] 智證麻立干 RR: Jijeung Maripgan MR: Chijŭng Maripkan /ʣʲi.ʣʲɯŋ ma.lib.ɡan → ʣʲi.ʣʲɯŋ ma.lib.kan/ [ʣ̥ʲi.ʣʲɯŋ.ma.ɾip.kan]
- 법흥왕[버픙-] 法興王 (? – 540) RR: Beopheung(-)wang “King Beopheung” MR: Pŏphŭng Wang /bʌb.hɯŋ-waŋ → bʌ.pʰɯŋ-waŋ/ [b̥ʌ.pʰɯŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 514 – 540
- 진흥왕 眞興王 (534 – 576) RR: Jinheung(-)wang “King Jinheung” MR: Chinhŭng Wang /ʣʲin.hɯŋ-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲin.ɦɯŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 540 – 576
- 진지왕 眞智王 (? – 579) RR: Jinjiwang “King Jinji” MR: Chinji Wang /ʣʲin.ʣʲi-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲin.ʣʲi.waŋ] (M) r. 576 – 579
- 진평왕 眞興王 (? – 632) RR: Jinpyeong(-)wang “King Jinpyeong” MR: Chinp’yŏng Wang /ʣʲin.pʰjʌŋ-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲin.pʰjʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 579 – 632
- 선덕^여왕 善德女王 (? – 647) RR: Seondeok Yeowang “Queen Seondeok” MR: Sŏndŏk Yŏwang /z̥ʰʌn.dʌɡ ᴺjʌ.waŋ/ [z̥ʰʌn.dʌk|jʌ.waŋ → z̥ʰʌn.dʌ.ɡjʌ.waŋ, ↓-dʌŋ.njʌ-] (F) r. 632 – 647
- 진덕^여왕 眞德女王 (? – 654) RR: Jindeok Yeowang “Queen Jindeok” MR: Chindŏk Yŏwang /ʣʲin.dʌɡ ᴺjʌ.waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲin.dʌk|jʌ.waŋ → ʣ̥ʲin.dʌ.ɡjʌ.waŋ, ↓-dʌŋ.njʌ-] (F) r. 647 – 654
- 태종^무열왕 太宗武烈王 (602 – 661) RR: Taejong Muyeorwang “King Taejong Muyeol” MR: T’aejong Muyŏl Wang /tʰɛ.ʣʲoŋ muː.ᴸjʌl-waŋ/ [tʰɛ.ʣʲoŋ|muː.jʌl|waŋ → tʰɛ.ʣʲoŋ.mu.jʌ.ɾwaŋ] (M) r. 654 – 661
- personal name 성명: 김춘추 金春秋 RR: Gim Chun(-)chu MR: Kim Ch’un-ch’u /ɡim ʦʲʰun.ʦʲʰu/ [ɡ̊im.ʦʲʰun.ʦʲʰu]
People of Silla 신라의 인물
- 거칠부 居柒夫 (502 – 579) RR: Geochilbu MR: Kŏch’ilbu /ɡʌ.ʦʲʰil.bu/ [ɡ̊ʌ.ʦʲʰil.bu] (M) general, historian 장군·역사가
- 관창 官昌 (645 – 660) RR: Gwanchang MR: Kwanch’ang /ɡwan.ʦʲʰaŋ/ [ɡ̊wan.ʦʲʰaŋ] (M) hwarang 화랑
- 김대문 金大問 (? – ?) RR: Gim Dae(-)mun MR: Kim Tae-mun /ɡim dɛː.mun/ [ɡ̊im|d̥ɛː.mun → ɡ̊im.dɛ.mun] (M) noble, scholar 귀족·학자
- 김알지[–찌] 金閼智 (65 – ?) RR: Gim Al(-)ji MR: Kim Al-chi /ɡim alᴰ.ʣʲi → ɡim al.ʦʲi/ [ɡ̊im|al.ʦʲi → ɡ̊i.mal.ʦʲi] (M) ancestor of Gyeongju Gim (Kim) clan 경주 김씨의 시조
- 김유신 金庾信 (595 – 673) RR: Gim Yu(-)sin MR: Kim Yu-sin /ɡim ju.z̥ʰin/ [ɡ̊im|ju.ɕʰin → ɡ̊i.mju.ɕʰin, ↓ɡ̊im.nju-] (M) general 장군
- 김품석 金品釋 (? – 642) RR: Gim Pum(-)seok MR: Kim P’um-sŏk /ɡim pʰuːm.z̥ʰʌɡ/ [ɡ̊im|pʰuːm.z̥ʰʌk → ɡ̊im.pʰum.z̥ʰʌk] (M) son-in-law of Gim Chunchu, the future King Taejong Muyeol 훗날 태종 무열왕이 되는 김춘추의 사위
- 만명[만ː-] 萬明 (? – ?) RR: Manmyeong MR: Manmyŏng /maːn.mjʌŋ/ [maːn.mjʌŋ] (F) mother of Gim Yusin 김유신의 어머니
- 박제상[-쩨-] 朴堤上 (? – ?) RR: Bak Je(-)sang MR: Pak Che-sang /baɡ ʣʲe.z̥ʰaŋ/ [b̥ak|ʣ̥ʲe.z̥ʰaŋ → b̥ak.ʦʲe.z̥ʰaŋ] (M) emissary 사신
- 백결^선생[-껼–] 百結先生 (? – ?) RR: Baekgyeol Seonsaeng “Master Baekgyeol” MR: Paekkyŏl Sŏnsaeng /bɛɡ.ɡjʌl z̥ʰʌn.z̥ʰɛŋ → bɛɡ.kjʌl z̥ʰʌn.z̥ʰɛŋ/ [b̥ɛk.kjʌl.z̥ʰʌn.z̥ʰɛŋ] (M) musician 음악가
- 사다함 斯多含 (? – ?) RR: Sadaham MR: Sadaham /z̥ʰa.da.ham/ [z̥ʰa.da.ɦam] (M) hwarang 화랑
- 선화^공주 善花公主 (? – ?) RR: Seonhwa Gongju “Princess Seonhwa” MR: Sŏnhwa Kongju /z̥ʰʌn.hwa ɡoŋ.ʣʲu/ [z̥ʰʌn.ɦwa|ɡ̊oŋ.ʣʲu → z̥ʰʌn.ɦwa.ɡoŋ.ʣʲu] (F) daughter of King Jinpyeong 진평왕의 딸
- 설총 薛聰 (655 – ?) RR: Seol Chong MR: Sŏl Ch’ong /z̥ʰʌl ʦʲʰoŋ/ [z̥ʰʌl.ʦʲʰoŋ] (M) scholar 학자
- 솔거 率居 (? – ?) RR: Solgeo MR: Solgŏ /z̥ʰol.ɡʌ/ [z̥ʰol.ɡʌ] (M) painter 화가
- 알영 閼英 (69 BC? – ?) RR: Alyeong MR: Aryŏng /al.jʌŋ/ [a.ɾjʌŋ] (F) queen of Bak Hyeokgeose 박혁거세의 왕비
- 우륵 于勒 (? – ?) RR: Ureuk MR: Urŭk /u.lɯɡ/ [u.ɾɯk] (M) musician originally from Gaya 가야 출신의 음악가
- 원광 圓光 (555 – 638) RR: Won(-)gwang MR: Wŏn’gwang /wʌn.ɡwaŋ/ [wʌn.ɡwaŋ] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
- 원효 元曉 (617 – 686) RR: Wonhyo MR: Wŏnhyo /wʌn.hjo/ [wʌn.ɦjo] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
- 이사부[이ː–] 異斯夫 (? – ?) RR: Isabu MR: Isabu /iː.z̥ʰa.bu/ [iː.z̥ʰa.bu] (M) general 장군
- 이차돈[이ː–] 異次頓 (506 – 527) RR: Ichadon MR: Ich’adon /iː.ʦʲʰa.don/ [iː.ʦʲʰa.don] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
Monarchs of Unified Silla 통일신라의 군주
- 문무왕 文武王 (? – 681) RR: Munmuwang “King Munmu” MR: Munmu Wang /mun.mu-waŋ/ [mun.mu.waŋ] (M) r. 661 – 681
- personal name 성명: 김법민[-범-] 金法敏 RR: Gim Beop(-)min MR: Kim Pŏm-min /ɡim bʌb.min → ɡim bʌm.min/ [ɡ̊im|b̥ʌm.min → ɡ̊im.bʌm.min]
- 신문왕 神文王 (? – 692) RR: Sinmunwang “King Sinmun” MR: Sinmun Wang /z̥ʰin.mun-waŋ/ [ɕʰin.mun|waŋ → ɕʰin.mu.nwaŋ] (M) r. 681 – 692
- 효소왕[효ː–] 孝昭王 (? – 702) RR: Hyosowang “King Hyoso” MR: Hyoso Wang /hjoː.z̥ʰo-waŋ/ [hjoː.z̥ʰo.waŋ] (M) r. 692 – 702
- 성덕왕[성ː–] 聖德王 (? – 737) RR: Seongdeogwang “King Seongdeok” MR: Sŏngdŏk Wang /z̥ʰʌːŋ.dʌɡ-waŋ/ [z̥ʰəːŋ.dʌk|waŋ → z̥ʰəːŋ.dʌ.ɡwaŋ] (M) r. 702 – 737
- 효성왕[효ː–] 孝成王 (? – 742) RR: Hyoseong(-)wang “King Hyoseong” MR: Hyosŏng Wang /hjoː.z̥ʰʌŋ-waŋ/ [hjoː.z̥ʰʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 737 – 742
- 경덕왕[경ː–] 景德王 (? – 765) RR: Gyeongdeogwang “King Gyeongdeok” MR: Kyŏngdŏk Wang /ɡjʌːŋ.dʌɡ-waŋ/ [ɡ̊jəːŋ.dʌk|waŋ → ɡ̊jəːŋ.dʌ.ɡwaŋ] (M) r. 742 – 765
- 혜공왕[혜ː–/헤ː–] 惠恭王 (758 – 780) RR: Hyegong(-)wang “King Hyegong” MR: Hyegong Wang /hjeː.ɡoŋ-waŋ/ [hjeː.ɡoŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 765 – 780
- 선덕왕 宣德王 (? – 785) RR: Seondeogwang “King Seondeok” MR: Sŏndŏk Wang /z̥ʰʌn.dʌɡ-waŋ/ [z̥ʰʌn.dʌk|waŋ → z̥ʰʌn.dʌ.ɡwaŋ] (M) r. 780 – 785
- 원성왕 元聖王 (? – 798) RR: Wonseong(-)wang “King Wonseong” MR: Wŏnsŏng Wang /wʌn.z̥ʰʌŋ-waŋ/ [wʌn.z̥ʰʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 785 – 798
- 소성왕 昭聖王/昭成王 (? – 800) RR: Soseong(-)wang “King Soseong” MR: Sosŏng Wang /z̥ʰo.z̥ʰʌŋ-waŋ/ [z̥ʰo.z̥ʰʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 798 – 800
- 애장왕 哀莊王 (788 – 809) RR: Aejang(-)wang “King Aejang” MR: Aejang Wang /ɛ.ʣʲaŋ-waŋ/ [ɛ.ʣʲaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 800 – 809
- 헌덕왕[헌ː–] 憲德王 (? – 826) RR: Heondeogwang “King Heondeok” MR: Hŏndŏk Wang /hʌːn.dʌɡ-waŋ/ [həːn.dʌk|waŋ → həːn.dʌ.ɡwaŋ] (M) r. 809 – 826
- 흥덕왕 興德王 (? – 836) RR: Heungdeogwang “King Heungdeok” MR: Hŭngdŏk Wang /hɯŋ.dʌɡ-waŋ/ [hɯŋ.dʌk|waŋ → hɯŋ.dʌ.ɡwaŋ] (M) r. 826 – 836
- 희강왕[히–] 僖康王 (? – 838) RR: Huigang(-)wang “King Huigang” MR: Hŭigang Wang /hi.ɡaŋ-waŋ/ [hi.ɡaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 836 – 838
- 민애왕 閔哀王 (817 – 839) RR: Minaewang “King Minae” MR: Minae Wang /min.ɛ-waŋ/ [mi.nɛ.waŋ] (M) r. 838 – 839
- 신무왕 神武王 (? – 839) RR: Sinmuwang “King Sinmu” MR: Sinmu Wang /z̥ʰin.mu-waŋ/ [ɕʰin.mu.waŋ] (M) r. 839
- 문성왕 文聖王 (? – 857) RR: Munseong(-)wang “King Munseong” MR: Munsŏng Wang /mun.z̥ʰʌŋ-waŋ/ [mun.z̥ʰʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 839 – 857
- 헌안왕[허ː나놩] 憲安王 (? – 861) RR: Heonanwang “King Heonan” MR: Hŏnan Wang /hʌːn.an-waŋ/ [həː.nan|waŋ → həː.na.nwaŋ] (M) r. 857 – 861
- 경문왕[경ː–] 景文王 (? – 875) RR: Gyeongmunwang “King Gyeongmun” MR: Kyŏngmun Wang /ɡjʌːŋ.mun-waŋ/ [ɡ̊jəːŋ.mun|waŋ → ɡ̊jəːŋ.mu.nwaŋ] (M) r. 861 – 875
- 헌강왕[헌ː–] 憲康王 (? – 886) RR: Heon(-)gang(-)wang “King Heon(-)gang” MR: Hŏn’gang Wang /hʌːn.ɡaŋ-waŋ/ [həːn.ɡaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 875 – 886
- 정강왕[정ː–] 定康王 (? – 887) RR: Jeonggang(-)wang “King Jeonggang” MR: Chŏnggang Wang /ʣʲʌːŋ.ɡaŋ-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.ɡaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 886 – 887
- 진성^여왕 眞聖女王 (? – 897) RR: Jinseong Yeowang “Queen Jinseong” MR: Chinsŏng Yŏwang /ʣʲin.z̥ʰʌŋ ᴺjʌ.waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲin.z̥ʰʌŋ|jʌ.waŋ → ʣ̥ʲin.z̥ʰʌŋ.jʌ.waŋ, ↓-z̥ʰʌŋ.njʌ-] (F) r. 887 – 897
- 효공왕[효ː–] 孝恭王 (? – 912) RR: Hyogong(-)wang “King Hyogong” MR: Hyogong Wang /hjoː.ɡoŋ-waŋ/ [hjoː.ɡoŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 897 – 912
- 신덕왕 神德王 (? – 917) RR: Sindeogwang “King Sindeok” MR: Sindŏk Wang /z̥ʰin.dʌɡ-waŋ/ [ɕʰin.dʌk|waŋ → ɕʰin.dʌ.ɡwaŋ] (M) r. 912 – 917
- 경명왕[경ː–] 景明王 (? – 924) RR: Gyeongmyeong(-)wang “King Gyeongmyeong” MR: Kyŏngmyŏng Wang /ɡjʌːŋ.mjʌŋ-waŋ/ [ɡ̊jəːŋ.mjʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 917 – 924
- 경애왕[경ː–] 景哀王 (? – 927) RR: Gyeong(-)aewang “King Gyeong(-)ae” MR: Kyŏngae Wang /ɡjʌːŋ.ɛ-waŋ/ [ɡ̊jəːŋ.ɛ.waŋ] (M) r. 924 – 927
- 경순왕[경ː–] 敬順王 (? – 979) RR: Gyeongsunwang “King Gyeongsun” MR: Kyŏngsun Wang /ɡjʌːŋ.z̥ʰun-waŋ/ [ɡ̊jəːŋ.z̥ʰun|waŋ → ɡ̊jəːŋ.z̥ʰu.nwaŋ] (M) r. 927 – 935
People of Unified Silla 통일신라의 인물
- 김대성 金大城 (700 – 774) RR: Gim Dae(-)seong MR: Kim Tae-sŏng /ɡim dɛː.z̥ʰʌŋ/ [ɡ̊im|d̥ɛː.z̥ʰʌŋ → ɡ̊im.dɛ.z̥ʰʌŋ] (M) prime minister 재상
- 김원술 金元述 (? – ?) RR: Gim Won(-)sul MR: Kim Wŏn-sul /ɡim wʌn.z̥ʰul/ [ɡ̊im|wʌn.z̥ʰul → ɡ̊i.mwʌn.z̥ʰul] (M) military official 무신
- 도선[도ː-] 道詵 (827 – 898) RR: Doseon MR: Tosŏn /doː.z̥ʰʌn/ [d̥oː.z̥ʰʌn] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
- 마의^태자[-의–/-이–] 麻衣太子 (? – ?) RR: Maui Taeja “Crown Prince Maui” MR: Maŭi T’aeja /ma.ɰi tʰɛ.ʣʲa/ [ma.ɰi.tʰɛ.ʣʲa] (M) son of King Gyeongsun 경순왕의 아들
- 염장 閻長 (? – ?) RR: Yeom Jang MR: Yŏm Chang /jʌm ʣʲaŋ / [jʌm|ʣ̥ʲaŋ → jʌm.ʣʲaŋ] (M) general 장군
- 의상[의ː-] 義湘 (625 – 702) RR: Uisang MR: Ŭisang /ɰiː.z̥ʰaŋ/ [ɰiː.z̥ʰaŋ] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
- 장보고 張保皐/張寶高 (? – 846) RR: Jang Bo(-)go MR: Chang Po-go /ʣʲaŋ boː.ɡo/ [ʣ̥ʲaŋ|b̥oː.ɡo → ʣ̥ʲaŋ.bo.ɡo] (M) general 장군
- 최치원[최–/췌–] 崔致遠 (857 – ?) RR: Choe Chi(-)won MR: Ch’oe Ch’i-wŏn /ʦʲʰø ʦʲʰiː.wʌn/ [ʦʲʰø, ʦʲʰwe|ʦʲʰiː.wʌn → ʦʲʰø.ʦʲʰi.wʌn, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) scholar 학자
- 혜초[혜ː-/헤ː-] 慧超 (704 – 787) RR: Hyecho MR: Hyech’o /hjeː.ʦʲʰo/ [hjeː.ʦʲʰo] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
Monarchs of Balhae 발해의 군주
The kings of Balhae are listed by their personal names first, as not all posthumous names are known. 발해의 역대 왕은 시호가 전해지지 않는 것이 있으므로 성명을 주 표제어로 쓴다.
- 대조영[대ː–] 大祚榮 (? – 719) RR: Dae Jo(-)yeong MR: Tae Cho-yŏng /dɛː ʣʲo.jʌŋ/ [d̥ɛː|ʣ̥ʲo.jʌŋ → d̥ɛː.ʣʲo.jʌŋ] (M) r. 698 – 719
- posthumous name 시호: 고왕 高王 (? – 719) RR: Gowang “King Go” MR: Ko Wang /ɡo-waŋ/ [ɡ̊o.waŋ]
- 대무예[대ː–] 大武藝 (? – 737) RR: Dae Mu(-)ye MR: Tae Mu-ye /dɛː muː.je/ [d̥ɛː|muː.je → d̥ɛː.mu.je] (M) r. 719 – 737
- posthumous name 시호: 무왕[무ː-] 武王 RR: Muwang “King Mu” MR: Mu Wang /muː-waŋ/ [muː.waŋ]
- 대흠무[대ː–] 大欽茂 (? – 793) RR: Dae Heum(-)mu MR: Tae Hŭm-mu /dɛː hɯm.mu/ [d̥ɛː|hɯm.mu → d̥ɛː.ɦɯm.mu] (M) r. 737 – 793
- posthumous name 시호: 문왕 文王 RR: Munwang “King Mun” MR: Mun Wang /mun-waŋ/ [mun|waŋ → mu.nwaŋ]
- 대원의[대ː워늬/대ː워니] 大元義 (? – 793) RR: Dae Won(-)ui MR: Tae Won-ŭi /dɛː wʌn.ɰi/ [d̥ɛː.wʌ.nɰi] (M) r. 793
- 대화여[대ː–] 大華與 (? – 794) RR: Dae Hwa(-)yeo MR: Tae Hwa-yŏ /dɛː hwa.jʌ/ [d̥ɛː|hwa.jʌ → d̥ɛː.ɦwa.jʌ] (M) r. 793 – 794
- posthumous name 시호: 성왕 成王 RR: Seong(-)wang “King Seong” MR: Sŏng Wang /z̥ʰʌŋ-waŋ/ [z̥ʰʌŋ.waŋ]
- 대숭린[대ː-닌] 大崇璘 (? – 809) RR: Dae Sung(-)rin MR: Tae Sung-nin /dɛː z̥ʰuŋ.lin → dɛː z̥ʰuŋ.nin/ [d̥ɛː.z̥ʰuŋ.nin] (M) r. 794 – 809
- posthumous name 시호: 강왕 康王 RR: Gang(-)wang “King Gang” MR: Kang Wang /ɡaŋ-waŋ/ [ɡ̊aŋ.waŋ]
- 대원유[대ː–] 大元瑜 (? – 812) RR: Dae Won(-)yu MR: Tae Won-yu /dɛː wʌn.ju/ [d̥ɛː.wʌ.nju] (M) r. 809 – 812
- posthumous name 시호: 정왕[정ː-] 定王 RR: Jeong(-)wang “King Jeong” MR: Chŏng Wang /ʣʲʌːŋ-waŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.waŋ]
- 대언의[대ː어늬/대ː어니] 大言義 (? – 817) RR: Dae Eon(-)ui MR: Tae Ŏn-ŭi /dɛː ʌn.ɰi/ [d̥ɛː.ʌ.nɰi] (M) r. 812 – 817
- posthumous name 시호: 희왕[히-] 僖王 RR: Huiwang “King Hui” MR: Hŭi Wang /hi-waŋ/ [hi.waŋ]
- 대명충[대ː–] 大明忠 (? – 818) RR: Dae Myeong(-)chung MR: Tae Myŏng-ch’ung /dɛː mjʌŋ.ʦʲʰuŋ/ [d̥ɛː.mjʌŋ.ʦʲʰuŋ] (M) r. 817 – 818
- posthumous name 시호: 간왕[가ː놩] 簡王 RR: Ganwang “King Gan” MR: Kan Wang /ɡaːn-waŋ/ [ɡ̊aːn|waŋ → ɡ̊aː.nwaŋ]
- 대인수[대ː–] 大仁秀 (? – 830) RR: Dae In(-)su MR: Tae In-su /dɛː in.z̥ʰu/ [d̥ɛː.in.z̥ʰu] (M) r. 818 – 830
- posthumous name 시호: 선왕 宣王 RR: Seonwang “King Seon” MR: Sŏn Wang /z̥ʰʌn-waŋ/ [z̥ʰʌn|waŋ → z̥ʰʌ.nwaŋ]
- 대이진[대ː–] 大彛震 (? – ?) RR: Dae I(-)jin MR: Tae I-jin /dɛː i.ʣʲin/ [d̥ɛː.i.ʣʲin] (M) r. 830 – 858
- 대건황[대ː–] 大虔晃 (? – ?) RR: Dae Geon(-)hwang MR: Tae Kŏn-hwang /dɛː ɡʌn.hwaŋ/ [d̥ɛː|ɡ̊ʌn.ɦwaŋ → d̥ɛː.ɡʌn.ɦwaŋ] (M) r. 858 – 871
- 대현석[대ː–] 大玄錫 (? – 894) RR: Dae Hyeon(-)seok MR: Tae Hyŏn-sŏk /dɛː hjʌn.z̥ʰʌɡ/ [d̥ɛː|hjʌn.z̥ʰʌk → d̥ɛː.ɦjʌn.z̥ʰʌk] (M) r. 871 – 894
- 대위해[대ː–] 大瑋瑎 (? – ?) RR: Dae Wi(-)hae MR: Tae Wi-hae /dɛː y.hɛ/ [d̥ɛː.y.ɦɛ, -ɥi-] (M) r. 894 – 906
- 대인선[대ː–] 大諲譔 (? – ?) RR: Dae In(-)seon MR: Tae In-sŏn /dɛː in.z̥ʰʌn/ [d̥ɛː.in.z̥ʰʌn] (M) r. 906 – 926
-
- posthumous name 시호: 애왕 哀王 RR: Aewang “King Ae” MR: Ae Wang /ɛ-waŋ/ [ɛ.waŋ] according to some sources 일부 기록에 나오는 시호
People of Balhae 발해의 인물
- 걸걸중상 乞乞仲象 (? – ?) RR: Geolgeoljungsang MR: Kŏlgŏljungsang /ɡʌl.ɡʌl.ʣʲuŋ.z̥ʰaŋ/ [ɡ̊ʌl.ɡʌl.ʣʲuŋ.z̥ʰaŋ] (M) Goguryeo general, father of Dae Joyeong 고구려의 장군·대조영의 아버지
- 양태사 楊泰師 (? – ?) RR: Yang Tae(-)sa MR: Yang T’ae-sa /jaŋ tʰɛ.z̥ʰa/ [jaŋ.tʰɛ.z̥ʰa] (M) emissary, poet 사신·시인
- 장문휴 張文休 (? – ?) RR: Jang Mun(-)hyu MR: Chang Mun-hyu /ʣʲaŋ mun.hju/ [ʣ̥ʲaŋ.mun.ɦju] (M) general 장군
Monarchs of Later Baekje 후백제의 군주
- 견훤 甄萱 (867 – 936) RR: Gyeon Hwon MR: Kyŏn Hwŏn /ɡjʌn hwʌn/ [ɡ̊jʌn|hwʌn → ɡ̊jʌn.ɦwʌn] (M) r. 900 – 935
- 신검 神劍 (? – ?) RR: Sin(-)geom MR: Sin’gŏm /z̥ʰin.ɡʌm/ [ɕʰin.ɡʌm] (M) r. 935 – 936
Monarchs of Taebong 태봉의 군주
- 궁예 弓裔 (? – 918) RR: Gung(-)ye MR: Kungye /ɡuŋ.je/ [ɡ̊uŋ.je] (M) r. 901 – 918
Monarchs of Goryeo 고려의 군주
Kings Taejo through Wonjong are known by their temple names, while Kings Chungnyeol through Gongmin as well as King Gongyang are known by their posthumous names. Kings U and Chang are known by their forenames, U and Chang respectively.
태조부터 원종까지는 묘호로, 충렬왕부터 공민왕까지와 공양왕은 시호로 알려져있다. 우왕과 창왕의 우와 창은 이름(휘)이다.
- 태조 太祖 (877 – ?) RR: Taejo MR: T’aejo /tʰɛ.ʣʲo/ [tʰɛ.ʣʲo] (M) r. 918 – 943
- personal name 성명: 왕건 王建 RR: Wang Geon MR: Wang Kŏn /waŋ ɡʌːn/ [waŋ|ɡ̊əːn → waŋ.ɡʌn]
- 혜종[혜ː-/헤ː-] 惠宗 (912 – 945) RR: Hyejong MR: Hyejong /hjeː.ʣʲoŋ/ [hjeː.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 943 – 945
- 정종[정ː-] 定宗 (923 – 949) RR: Jeongjong MR: Chŏngjong /ʣʲʌːŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 945 – 949
- 광종 光宗 (925 – 975) RR: Gwangjong MR: Kwangjong /ɡwaŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [ɡ̊waŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 949 – 975
- 경종[경ː-] 景宗 (955 – 981) RR: Gyeongjong MR: Kyŏngjong /ɡjʌːŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [ɡ̊jəːŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 975 – 981
- 성종 成宗 (960 – 997) RR: Seongjong MR: Sŏngjong /z̥ʰʌŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [z̥ʰʌŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 981 – 997
- 목종[-쫑] 穆宗 (980 – 1009) RR: Mokjong MR: Mokchong /moɡ.ʣʲoŋ → moɡ.ʦʲoŋ/ [mok.ʦʲoŋ] (M) r. 997 – 1009
- 현종[현ː-] 顯宗 (992 – 1031) RR: Hyeonjong MR: Hyŏnjong /hjʌːn.ʣʲoŋ/ [hjəːn.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1009 – 1031
- 덕종[-쫑] 德宗 (1016 – 1034) RR: Deokjong MR: Dŏkchong /dʌɡ.ʣʲoŋ → dʌɡ.ʦʲoŋ/ [d̥ʌk.ʦʲoŋ] (M) r. 1031 – 1034
- 정종 靖宗 (1018 – 1046) RR: Jeongjong MR: Chŏngjong /ʣʲʌŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲʌŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1034 – 1046
- 문종 文宗 (1019 – 1083) RR: Munjong MR: Munjong /mun.ʣʲoŋ/ [mun.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1046 – 1083
- 순종[순ː-] 順宗 (1047 – 1083) RR: Sunjong MR: Sunjong /z̥ʰuːn.ʣʲoŋ/ [z̥ʰuːn.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1083 – 1083
- 선종 宣宗 (1049 – 1094) RR: Seonjong MR: Sŏnjong /z̥ʰʌn.ʣʲoŋ/ [z̥ʰʌn.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1083 – 1094
- 헌종[헌ː-] 獻宗 (1084 – 1097) RR: Heonjong MR: Hŏnjong /hʌːn.ʣʲoŋ/ [həːn.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1094 – 1095
- 숙종[-쫑] 肅宗 (1054 – 1105) RR: Sukjong MR: Sukchong /z̥ʰuɡ.ʣʲoŋ → z̥ʰuɡ.ʦʲoŋ/ [z̥ʰuk.ʦʲoŋ] (M) r. 1095 – 1105
- 예종[예ː-] 睿宗 (1079 – 1122) RR: Yejong MR: Yejong /jeː.ʣʲoŋ/ [jeː.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1105 – 1122
- 인종 仁宗 (1109 – 1146) RR: Injong MR: Injong /in.ʣʲoŋ/ [in.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1122 – 1146
- 의종 毅宗 (1127 – 1173) RR: Uijong MR: Ŭijong /ɰi.ʣʲoŋ/ [ɰi.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1146 – 1170
- 명종 明宗 (1131 – 1202) RR: Myeongjong MR: Myŏngjong /mjʌŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [mjʌŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1170 – 1197
- 신종 神宗 (1144 – 1204) RR: Sukjong MR: Sukchong /z̥ʰin.ʣʲoŋ/ [ɕʰin.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1197 – 1204
- 희종[히-] 熙宗 (1181 – 1237) RR: Huijong MR: Hŭijong /hi.ʣʲoŋ/ [hi.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1204 – 1211
- 강종 康宗 (1152 – 1213) RR: Gangjong MR: Kangjong /ɡaŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [ɡ̊aŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1211 – 1213
- 고종 高宗 (1192 – 1259) RR: Gojong MR: Kojong /ɡo.ʣʲoŋ/ [ɡ̊o.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1213 – 1259
- 원종 元宗 (1219 – 1274) RR: Wonjong MR: Wŏnjong /wʌn.ʣʲoŋ/ [wʌn.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1259 – 1274
- 충렬왕[-녀뢍] 忠烈王 (1236 – 1308) RR: Chungnyeorwang “King Chungnyeol” MR: Ch’ungnyŏl Wang /ʦʲʰuŋ.ljʌl-waŋ → ʦʲʰuŋ.njʌl-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰuŋ.njʌl|waŋ → ʦʲʰuŋ.njʌ.ɾwaŋ] (M) r. 1274 – 1308
- 충선왕 忠宣王 (1275 – 1325) RR: Chungseonwang “King Chungseon” MR: Ch’ungsŏn Wang /ʦʲʰuŋ.z̥ʰʌn-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰuŋ.z̥ʰʌn|waŋ → ʦʲʰuŋ.z̥ʰʌ.nwaŋ] (M) r. 1298, 1308 – 1313
- 충숙왕 忠宣王 (1294 – 1339) RR: Chungsugwang “King Chungsuk” MR: Ch’ungsuk Wang /ʦʲʰuŋ.z̥ʰuɡ-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰuŋ.z̥ʰuk|waŋ → ʦʲʰuŋ.z̥ʰu.ɡwaŋ] (M) r. 1313 – 1330, 1332 – 1339
- 충혜왕[-혜-/-헤-] 忠惠王 (1315 – 1344) RR: Chunghyewang “King Chunghye” MR: Ch’unghye Wang /ʦʲʰuŋ.hje-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰuŋ.ɦje.waŋ] (M) r. 1330 – 1332, 1339 – 1344
- 충목왕 忠穆王 (1337 – 1348) RR: Chungmogwang “King Chungmok” MR: Ch’ungmok Wang /ʦʲʰuŋ.moɡ-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰuŋ.mok|waŋ → ʦʲʰuŋ.mo.ɡwaŋ] (M) r. 1344 – 1348
- 충정왕 忠定王 (1337 – 1352) RR: Chungjeong(-)wang “King Chungjeong” MR: Ch’ungjŏng Wang /ʦʲʰuŋ.ʣʲʌŋ-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰuŋ.ʣʲʌŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 1349 – 1351
- 공민왕 恭愍王 (1330 – 1374) RR: Gongminwang “King Gongmin” MR: Kongmin Wang /ɡoŋ.min-waŋ/ [ɡ̊oŋ.min|waŋ → ɡ̊oŋ.mi.nwaŋ] (M) r. 1351 – 1374
- 우왕 禑王 (1365 – 1389) RR: Uwang “King U” MR: U Wang /u-waŋ/ [u.waŋ] (M) r. 1374 – 1388
- 창왕 昌王 (1380 – 1389) RR: Chang(-)wang “King Chang” MR: Ch’ang Wang /ʦʲʰaŋ-waŋ/ [ʦʲʰaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 1388 – 1389
- 공양왕 恭讓王 (1345 – 1394) RR: Gong(-)yang(-)wang “King Gong(-)yang” MR: Kongyang Wang /ɡoŋ.jaŋ-waŋ/ [ɡ̊oŋ.jaŋ.waŋ] (M) r. 1389 – 1392
People of Goryeo 고려의 인물
- 강감찬 姜邯贊 (948 – 1031) RR: Gang Gam(-)chan MR: Kang Kam-ch’an /ɡaŋ ɡam.ʦʲʰan/ [ɡ̊aŋ|ɡ̊am.ʦʲʰan → ɡ̊aŋ.ɡam.ʦʲʰan] (M) general 장군
- 강조 康兆 (? – 1010) RR: Gang Jo MR: Kang Cho /ɡaŋ ʣʲo/ [ɡ̊aŋ|ʣ̥ʲo → ɡ̊aŋ.ʣʲo] (M) military official 무신
- 경대승[경ː–] 慶大升 (1154 – 1183) RR: Gyeong Dae(-)seung MR: Kyŏng Tae-sŭng /ɡjʌːŋ dɛː.z̥ʰɯŋ/ [ɡ̊jəːŋ|d̥ɛː.z̥ʰɯŋ → ɡ̊jəːŋ.dɛ.z̥ʰɯŋ] (M) military official 무신
- 공예^태후 恭睿太后 (1109 – 1183) RR: Gong(-)ye Taehu “Empress Dowager Gong(-)ye” MR: Kongye T’aehu /ɡoŋ.je tʰɛ.hu/ [ɡ̊oŋ.je.tʰɛ.ɦu] or 또는 연덕^궁주[–꿍-] 延德宮主 RR: Yeondeok Gungju “Palace Madam Yeondeok” MR: Yŏndŏk Kungju /jʌn.dʌɡ ɡuŋ.ʣʲu/ [jʌn.dʌk|ɡ̊uŋ.ʣʲu → jʌn.dʌk.kuŋ.ʣʲu] (F) queen of King Injong, mother of Kings Uijong, Myeongjong, Sinjong 인종의 비, 의종·명종·신종의 어머니
- 기철 奇轍 (? – 1356) RR: Gi Cheol MR: Ki Ch’ŏl /ɡi ʦʲʰʌl/ [ɡ̊i.ʦʲʰʌl] (M) elder brother of Empress Consort Gi, powerful courtier 기황후의 오빠·권신
- 기황후 奇皇后 (? – ?) RR: Gihwanghu “Empress Consort Gi” MR: Ki Hwanghu /ɡi-hwaŋ.hu/ [ɡ̊i|hwaŋ.ɦu → ɡ̊i.ɦwaŋ.ɦu] (F) queen of Emperor Huizong of Yuan 원 혜종의 황후
- 길재[-째] 吉再 (1353 – 1419) RR: Gil Jae MR: Kil Chae /ɡilᴰ ʣʲɛː → ɡil.ʦʲɛ/ [ɡ̊il|ʣ̥ʲɛː → ɡ̊il.ʦʲɛ] (M) Neo-Confucian scholar 성리학자
- byname 호: 야은[야ː-] 冶隱 RR: Ya(-)eun MR: Yaŭn /jaː.ɯn/ [jaː.ɯn]
- 김경손 金慶孫 (? – 1251) RR: Gim Gyeong(-)son MR: Kim Kyŏng-son /ɡim ɡjʌːŋ.z̥ʰon/ [ɡ̊im|ɡ̊jəːŋ.z̥ʰon → ɡ̊im.ɡjʌŋ.z̥ʰon] (M) general 장군
- 김방경 金方慶 (1212 – 1300) RR: Gim Bang(-)gyeong MR: Kim Pang-gyŏng /ɡim baŋ.ɡjʌŋ/ [ɡ̊im|b̥aŋ.ɡjʌŋ → ɡ̊im.baŋ.ɡjʌŋ] (M) general 장군
- 김부식 金富軾 (1075 – 1151) RR: Gim Bu(-)sik MR: Kim Pu-sik /ɡim buː.z̥ʰiɡ/ [ɡ̊im|b̥uː.ɕʰik → ɡ̊im.bu.ɕʰik] (M) politician, scholar, historian 정치가·학자·역사가
- byname 호: 뇌천[뇌-/눼-] 雷川 RR: Noecheon MR: Noech’ŏn /ᴸnø.ʦʲʰʌn/ [nø.ʦʲʰʌn, nwe-]
- 김윤후 金允侯 (? – ?) RR: Gim Yun(-)hu MR: Kim Yun-hu /ɡim juːn.hu/ [ɡ̊im|juːn.ɦu → ɡ̊i.mjun.ɦu] (M) Buddhist monk, general 승려·장군
- 김치양 金致陽 (? – 1009) RR: Gim Chi(-)yang MR: Kim Ch’i-yang /ɡim ʦʲʰiː.jaŋ/ [ɡ̊im.ʦʲʰiː.jaŋ] (M) politician 정치가
- 대각^국사[대ː-꾹싸] 大覺國師 (1055 – 1101) RR: Daegak Guksa “National Preceptor Daegak” MR: Taegak Kuksa /dɛː.ɡaɡ ɡuɡ.z̥ʰa → dɛː.ɡaɡ ɡuɡ.sa/ [d̥ɛː.ɡak|ɡ̊uk.sa → d̥ɛː.ɡak.kuk.sa] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
- courtesy name 자: 의천[의ː-] 義天 RR: Uicheon MR: Ŭich’ŏn /ɰiː.ʦʲʰʌn/ [ɰiː.ʦʲʰʌn]
- 만적[만ː-] 萬積 (? – 1198) RR: Manjeok MR: Manjŏk /maːn.ʣʲʌɡ/ [maːn.ʣʲʌk] (M) slave rebel leader 노예 반란 지도자
- 묘청[묘ː-] 妙淸 (? – 1135) RR: Myocheong MR: Myoch’ŏng /mjoː.ʦʲʰʌŋ/ [mjoː.ʦʲʰʌŋ] (M) Buddhist monk, politician 승려·정치가
- 문익점[–쩜] 文益漸 (1329 – 1398) RR: Mun Ik(-)jeom MR: Mun Ik-chŏm /mun iɡ.ʣʲʌm → mun iɡ.ʦʲʌm/ [mun|ik.ʦʲʌm → mu.nik.ʦʲʌm] (M) civil official 문신
- 보조^국사[—싸] 普照國師 (1158 – 1210) RR: Bojo Guksa “National Preceptor Bojo” MR: Pojo Kuksa /bo.ʣʲo ɡuɡ.z̥ʰa → bo.ʣʲo ɡuɡ.sa/ [b̥o.ʣʲo|ɡ̊uk.sa → b̥o.ʣʲo.ɡuk.sa] (M) Buddhist monk 승려
- Dharma name 법명: 지눌 知訥 RR: Jinul MR: Chinul /ʣʲi.nul/ [ʣ̥ʲi.nul]
- 서희[-히] 徐熙 (942 – 998) RR: Seo Hui MR: Sŏ Hŭi /z̥ʰʌ hi/ [z̥ʰʌ|hi → z̥ʰʌ.ɦi] (M) diplomat 외교가
- 신돈 辛旽 (? – 1371) RR: Sin Don MR: Sin Ton /z̥ʰin don/ [ɕʰin|d̥on → ɕʰin.don] (M) Buddhist monk, politician 승려·정치가
- 안향 安珦 (1243 – 1306) RR: An Hyang MR: An Hyang /an hjaŋ/ [an|hjaŋ → an.ɦjaŋ] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- byname 호: 회헌[회ː-/훼ː-] 晦軒 RR: Hoeheon MR: Hoehŏn /høː.hʌn/ [høː.ɦʌn]
- 양규 楊規 (? – 1111) RR: Yang Gyu MR: Yang Kyu /jaŋ ɡju/ [jaŋ|ɡ̊ju → jaŋ.ɡju] (M) military official 무신
- 윤관 尹瓘 (? – 1111) RR: Yun Gwan MR: Yun Kwan /jun ɡwan/ [jun|ɡ̊wan → jun.ɡwan] (M) scholar, general 학자·장군
- 이고[이ː-] 李高 (? – 1171) RR: I Go MR: Yi Ko /ᴸiː ɡo/ [iː|ɡ̊o → iː.ɡo] (M) military official 무신
- 이규보[이ː–] 李奎報 (1168 – 1241) RR: I Gyu(-)bo MR: Yi Kyu-bo /ᴸiː ɡju.bo/ [iː|ɡ̊ju.bo → iː.ɡju.bo] (M) civil official 문신
- 이색[이ː-] 李穡 (1328 – 1396) RR: I Saek MR: Yi Saek /ᴸiː z̥ʰɛɡ/ [iː.z̥ʰɛk] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- byname 호: 목은 牧隱 RR: Mogeun MR: Mogŭn /moɡ.ɯn/ [mo.ɡɯn]
- 이승휴[이ː–] 李承休 (1224 – 1300) RR: I Seung(-)hyu MR: Yi Sŭng-hyu /ᴸiː z̥ʰɯŋ.hju/ [iː.z̥ʰɯŋ.ɦju] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- byname 호: 동안거사[동ː—] 動安居士 RR: Dong(-)an(-)geosa MR: Tongan’gŏsa / Tongan Kŏsa /doːŋ.an-ɡʌ.z̥ʰa/ [d̥oːŋ.an|ɡ̊ʌ.z̥ʰa → d̥oːŋ.an.ɡʌ.z̥ʰa]
- 이의민[이ː의-/이ː이-] 李義旼 (? – 1196) RR: I Ui(-)min MR: Yi Ŭi-min /ᴸiː ɰiː.min/ [iː|ɰiː.min → iː.ɰi.min] (M) military ruler 무신 집권자
- 이의방[이ː의-/이ː이-] 李義方 (? – 1174) RR: I Ui(-)bang MR: Yi Ŭi-bang /ᴸiː ɰiː.baŋ/ [iː|ɰiː.baŋ → iː.ɰi.baŋ] (M) military official 무신
- 이자겸[이ː–] 李資謙 (? – 1126) RR: I Ja(-)gyeom MR: Yi Cha-gyŏm /ᴸiː ʣʲa.ɡjʌm/ [iː|ʣ̥ʲa.ɡjʌm → iː.ʣʲa.ɡjʌm] (M) civil official, regent 문신·섭정
- 일연 一然 (1206 – 1289) RR: Iryeon MR: Iryŏn /il.jʌn/ [i.ɾjʌn] (M) Buddhist monk, writer 승려·저술가
- 정몽주[정ː–] 鄭夢周 (1337 – 1392) RR: Jeong Mong(-)ju MR: Chŏng Mong-ju /ʣʲʌːŋ moːŋ.ʣʲu/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ|moːŋ.ʣʲu → ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.moŋ.ʣʲu] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- byname 호: 포은 圃隱 RR: Po(-)eun MR: P’oŭn /pʰo.ɯn/ [pʰo.ɯn]
- 정중부[정ː–] 鄭仲夫 (1106 – 1179) RR: Jeong Jung(-)bu MR: Chŏng Chung-bu /ʣʲʌːŋ ʣʲuŋ.bu/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ|ʣ̥ʲuŋ.bu → ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.ʣʲuŋ.bu] (M) military official 무신
- 척준경[-쭌-] 拓俊京 (? – 1144) RR: Cheok Jun(-)gyeong MR: Ch’ŏk Chun-gyŏng /ʦʲʰʌɡ ʣʲuːn.ɡjʌŋ/ [ʦʲʰʌk|ʣ̥ʲuːn.ɡjʌŋ → ʦʲʰʌk.ʦʲun.ɡjʌŋ] (M) military official 무신
- 최무선[최–/췌–] 崔茂宣 (1325 – 1395) RR: Choe Mu(-)seon MR: Ch’oe Mu-sŏn /ʦʲʰø muː.z̥ʰʌn/ [ʦʲʰø, ʦʲʰwe|muː.z̥ʰʌn → ʦʲʰø.mu.z̥ʰʌn, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) inventor, general 발명가·장군
- 최승로[최-노/췌-노] 崔承老 (927 – 989) RR: Choe Seung(-)ro MR: Ch’oe Sŭng-no /ʦʲʰø z̥ʰɯŋ.lo → ʦʲʰø z̥ʰɯŋ.no/ [ʦʲʰø.z̥ʰɯŋ.no, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- 최영[최-/췌-] 崔瑩 (1316 – 1388) RR: Choe Yeong MR: Ch’oe Yŏng /ʦʲʰø jʌŋ/ [ʦʲʰø.jʌŋ, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) general, prime minister 장군·재상
- 최우[최-/췌-] 崔瑀 (? – 1249) RR: Choe U MR: Ch’oe U /ʦʲʰø uː/ [ʦʲʰø, ʦʲʰwe|uː → ʦʲʰø.u, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) military ruler 무신 집권자
- 최충[최-/췌-] 崔沖 (984 – 1068) RR: Choe Chung MR: Ch’oe Ch’ung /ʦʲʰø ʦʲʰuŋ/ [ʦʲʰø.ʦʲʰuŋ, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) scholar, civil official 학자·문신
- nickname 별명: 해동공자[해ː—] 海東孔子 RR: Haedonggongja “Confucius from East of the Sea” MR: Haedong Kongja /hɛː.doŋ-ɡoːŋ.ʣʲa/ [hɛː.doŋ|ɡ̊oːŋ.ʣʲa → hɛː.doŋ.ɡoŋ.ʣʲa]
- 최충헌[최–/췌–] 崔忠獻 (1149 – 1219) RR: Choe Chung(-)heon MR: Ch’oe Ch’ung-hŏn /ʦʲʰø ʦʲʰuŋ.hʌn/ [ʦʲʰø.ʦʲʰuŋ.ɦʌn, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) military ruler 무신 집권자
- 헌애^왕후[허ː내–] (964 – 1029) RR: Heonae Wanghu “Queen Consort Heonae” MR: Hŏnae Wanghu /hʌːn.ɛ waŋ.hu/ [həːn.ɛ.waŋ.ɦu] or 또는 천추^태후 千秋太后 RR: Cheonchu Taehu “Empress Dowager Cheonchu” MR: Ch’ŏnch’u T’aehu /ʦʲʰʌn.ʦʲʰu tʰɛ.hu/ [ʦʲʰʌn.ʦʲʰu.tʰɛ.ɦu] (F) queen of King Gyeongjong, mother of King Mokjong, regent 경종의 비·목종의 어머니·섭정
Monarchs of Joseon and the Korean Empire 조선과 대한제국의 군주
The kings of Joseon and the emperors of the Korean Empire are listed chronologically by their temple names except for the two deposed kings who are known by their princely names, Prince Yeonsan and Prince Gwanghae. The titles for the emperors of the Korean Empire based on their era names are also given.
조선의 왕과 대한제국의 황제를 시대순으로 묘호를 나열했으며 다만 왕위에서 폐위된 연산군과 광해군은 군호를 썼다. 대한제국의 황제는 연호에서 딴 칭호도 같이 썼다.
- 태조 太祖 (1335 – 1408) RR: Taejo MR: T’aejo /tʰɛ.ʣʲo/ [tʰɛ.ʣʲo] (M) r. 1392 – 1398 Goryeo general, founder of Joseon 고려 장군·조선의 시조
- personal name 성명: 이성계[이ː-계/이ː-게] 李成桂 RR: I Seong(-)gye MR: Yi Sŏng-gye /ᴸiː z̥ʰʌŋ.ɡje/ [iː.z̥ʰʌŋ.ɡje]
- 정종[정ː-] 定宗 (1357 – 1419) RR: Jeongjong MR: Chŏngjong /ʣʲʌːŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1398 – 1400
- 태종 太宗 (1367 – 1422) RR: Taejong MR: T’aejong /tʰɛ.ʣʲoŋ/ [tʰɛ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1400 – 1418
- personal name 성명: 이방원[이ː–] 李芳遠 RR: I Bang(-)won MR: Yi Pang-wŏn /ᴸiː baŋ.wʌn/ [iː|b̥aŋ.wʌn → iː.baŋ.wʌn]
- 세종[세ː] 世宗 (1397 – 1450) RR: Sejong MR: Sejong /z̥ʰeː.ʣʲoŋ/ [z̥ʰeː.ʣʲoŋ] or 또는 세종^대왕[세ː-대ː-] 世宗大王 RR: Sejong Daewang “King Sejong the Great” MR: Sejong Taewang /z̥ʰeː.ʣʲoŋ dɛː.waŋ/ [z̥ʰeː.ʣʲoŋ|d̥ɛː.waŋ → z̥ʰeː.ʣʲoŋ.dɛː.waŋ] (M) r. 1418 – 1450 inventor of hangul 한글 창제자
- 문종 文宗 (1414 – 1452) RR: Munjong MR: Munjong /mun.ʣʲoŋ/ [mun.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1450 – 1452
- 단종 端宗 (1441 – 1457) RR: Danjong MR: Tanjong /dan.ʣʲoŋ/ [d̥an.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1452 – 1455
- 세조[세ː-] 世祖 (1417 – 1468) RR: Sejo MR: Sejo /z̥ʰeː.ʣʲo/ [z̥ʰeː.ʣʲo] (M) r. 1455 – 1468
- 예종[예ː-] 睿宗 (1450 – 1469) RR: Yejong MR: Yejong /jeː.ʣʲoŋ/ [jeː.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1468 – 1469
- 성종 成宗 (1457 – 1494) RR: Seongjong MR: Sŏngjong /z̥ʰʌŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [z̥ʰʌŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1469 – 1494
- 연산군[연ː–] 燕山君 (1476 – 1506) RR: Yeonsan(-)gun “Prince Yeonsan” MR: Yŏnsan Kun /jʌːn.z̥ʰan-ɡun/ [jəːn.z̥ʰan|ɡ̊un → jəːn.z̥ʰan.ɡun] (M) r. 1494 – 1506
- 중종 中宗 (1488 – 1544) RR: Jungjong MR: Chungjong /ʣʲuŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲuŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1506 – 1544
- 인종 仁宗 (1515 – 1545) RR: Injong MR: Injong /in.ʣʲoŋ/ [in.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1544 – 1545
- 명종 明宗 (1534 – 1567) RR: Myeongjong MR: Myŏngjong /mjʌŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [mjʌŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1545 – 1567
- 선조 宣祖 (1552 – 1608) RR: Seonjo MR: Sŏnjo /z̥ʰʌn.ʣʲo/ [z̥ʰʌn.ʣʲo] (M) r. 1567 – 1608
- 광해군 光海君 (1575 – 1641) RR: Gwanghaegun “Prince Gwanghae” MR: Kwanghae Kun /ɡwaŋ.hɛ-ɡun/ [ɡ̊waŋ.ɦɛ|ɡ̊un → ɡ̊waŋ.ɦɛ.ɡun] (M) r. 1608 – 1623
- 인조 仁祖 (1595 – 1649) RR: Injo MR: Injo /in.ʣʲo/ [in.ʣʲo] (M) r. 1623 – 1649
- 효종[효ː-] 孝宗 (1619 – 1659) RR: Hyojong MR: Hyojong /hjoː.ʣʲoŋ/ [hjoː.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1649 – 1659
- 현종[현ː-] 顯宗 (1641 – 1674) RR: Hyeonjong MR: Hyŏnjong /hjʌːn.ʣʲoŋ/ [hjəːn.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1659 – 1674
- 숙종[-쫑] 肅宗 (1661 – 1720) RR: Sukjong MR: Sukchong /z̥ʰuɡ.ʣʲoŋ → z̥ʰuɡ.ʦʲoŋ/ [z̥ʰuk.ʦʲoŋ] (M) r. 1674 – 1720
- 경종[경ː-] 景宗 (1688 – 1724) RR: Gyeongjong MR: Kyŏngjong /ɡjʌːŋ.ʣʲoŋ/ [ɡ̊jəːŋ.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1720 – 1724
- 영조 英祖 (1694 – 1776) RR: Yeongjo MR: Yŏngjo /jʌŋ.ʣʲo/ [jʌŋ.ʣʲo] (M) r. 1724 – 1776
- 정조[정ː-] 正祖 (1752 – 1800) RR: Jeongjo MR: Chŏngjo /ʣʲʌːŋ.ʣʲo/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.ʣʲo] (M) r. 1776 – 1800
- 순조 純祖 (1790 – 1834) RR: Sunjo MR: Sunjo /z̥ʰun.ʣʲo/ [z̥ʰun.ʣʲo] (M) r. 1800 – 1834
- 헌종[헌ː-] 憲宗 (1827 – 1849) RR: Heonjong MR: Hŏnjong /hʌːn.ʣʲoŋ/ [həːn.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1834 – 1849
- 철종[-쫑] 哲宗 (1831 – 1863) RR: Cheoljong MR: Ch’ŏlchong /ʦʲʰʌlᴰ.ʣʲoŋ → ʦʲʰʌl.ʦʲoŋ/ [ʦʲʰʌl.ʦʲoŋ] (M) r. 1849 – 1863
- 고종 高宗 (1852 – 1919) RR: Gojong MR: Kojong /ɡo.ʣʲoŋ/ [ɡ̊o.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1863 – 1907
- title based on era name 연호를 딴 호칭: 광무제 光武帝 RR: Gwangmuje “The Gwangmu Emperor” MR: Kwangmuje /ɡwaŋ.mu.ʣʲe/ [ɡ̊waŋ.mu.ʣʲe]
- 순종 純宗 (1874 – 1926) RR: Sunjong MR: Sunjong /z̥ʰun.ʣʲoŋ/ [z̥ʰun.ʣʲoŋ] (M) r. 1907 – 1910
- title based on era name 연호를 딴 호칭: 융희제[-히-] 隆熙帝 RR: Yunghuije “The Yunghui Emperor” MR: Yunghŭije /juŋ.hi.ʣʲe/ [juŋ.ɦi.ʣʲe]
People of Early Joseon: from Taejo to Prince Yeonsan (1392–1506) 조선 전기의 인물: 태조부터 연산군까지
- 강희맹[-히-] 姜希孟 (1424 – 1483) RR: Gang Hui(-)maeng MR: Kang Hŭi-maeng /ɡaŋ hi.mɛŋ/ [ɡ̊aŋ|hi.mɛŋ → ɡ̊aŋ.ɦi.mɛŋ] (M) civil official 문신
- 권근 權近 (1352 – 1409) RR: Gwon Geun MR: Kwŏn Kŭn /ɡwʌn ɡɯːn/ [ɡ̊wʌn|ɡ̊ɯːn → ɡ̊wʌn.ɡɯn] (M) civil official, Neo-Confucian scholar 문신·성리학자
- 김사형 金士衡 (1341 – 1407) RR: Gim Sa(-)hyeong MR: Kim Sa-hyŏng /ɡim z̥ʰaː.hjʌŋ/ [ɡ̊im|z̥ʰaː.ɦjʌŋ → ɡ̊im.z̥ʰa.ɦjʌŋ] (M) civil official 문신
- 김시습 金時習 (1435 – 1493) RR: Gim Si(-)seup MR: Kim Si-sŭp /ɡim z̥ʰi.z̥ʰɯb/ [ɡ̊im.ɕʰi.z̥ʰɯp] (M) scholar, Buddhist monk, poet, novelist 학자·승려·시인·소설가
- byname 호: 매월당[–땅] 梅月堂 RR: Maewoldang MR: Maewŏltang /mɛ.wʌlᴰ.daŋ → mɛ.wʌl.taŋ/ [mɛ.wʌl.taŋ]
- 김종서 金宗瑞 (1382 – 1453) RR: Gim Jong(-)seo MR: Kim Chong-sŏ /ɡim ʣʲoŋ.z̥ʰʌ/ [ɡ̊im|ʣ̥ʲoŋ.z̥ʰʌ → ɡ̊im.ʣʲoŋ.z̥ʰʌ] (M) civil official 문신
- 김종직 金宗直 (1431 – 1492) RR: Gim Jong(-)jik MR: Kim Chong-jik /ɡim ʣʲoŋ.ʣʲiɡ/ [ɡ̊im|ʣ̥ʲoŋ.ʣʲik → ɡ̊im.ʣʲoŋ.ʣʲik] (M) civil official, Neo-Confucian scholar 문신·성리학자
- 남이 南怡 (1441 – 1468) RR: Nam I MR: Nam I /nam i/ [nam|i → na.mi] (M) military official 무신
- 맹사성[맹ː–] 孟思誠 (1360 – 1438) RR: Maeng Sa(-)seong MR: Maeng Sa-sŏng /mɛːŋ z̥ʰa.z̥ʰʌŋ/ [mɛːŋ.z̥ʰa.z̥ʰʌŋ] (M) high state councillor 재상·음악가
- 박연 朴堧 (1378 – 1458) RR: Bak Yeon MR: Pak Yŏn /baɡ jʌn/ [b̥ak|jʌn → b̥a.ɡjʌn] (M) musician 음악가
- 박팽년 朴彭年 (1417 – 1456) RR: Bak Paeng(-)nyeon MR: Pak P’aeng-nyŏn /baɡ pʰɛŋ.njʌn/ [b̥ak.pʰɛŋ.njʌn] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- 성삼문 成三問 (1418 – 1456) RR: Seong Sam(-)mun MR: Sŏng Sam-mun /z̥ʰʌŋ z̥ʰam.mun/ [z̥ʰʌŋ.z̥ʰam.mun] (M) civil official 문신
- 소혜^왕후[-혜–/-헤–] 昭惠王后 (1437 – 1504) RR: Sohye Wanghu “Queen Consort Sohye” MR: Sohye Wanghu /z̥ʰo.hje waŋ.hu/ [z̥ʰo.ɦje waŋ.ɦu] or 또는 인수^대비 仁粹大妃 RR: Insu Daebi “Queen Dowager Insu” MR: Insu Taebi /in.z̥ʰu dɛː.bi/ [in.z̥ʰu|d̥ɛː.bi → in.z̥ʰu.dɛ.bi] (F) wife of Crown Prince Uigyeong (son of King Sejo) 의경세자(세조의 아들)의 빈
- 신숙주[–쭈] 申叔舟 (1417 – 1475) RR: Seong Sam(-)mun MR: Sŏng Sam-mun /z̥ʰin z̥ʰuɡ.ʣʲu → z̥ʰin z̥ʰuɡ.ʦʲu/ [ɕʰin.z̥ʰuk.ʦʲu] (M) high state councillor, linguist 재상·언어학자
- 안견 安堅 (? – ?) RR: An Gyeon MR: An Kyŏn /an ɡjʌn/ [an|ɡ̊jʌn → an.ɡjʌn] (M) painter 화가
- 안평^대군 安平大君 (1418 – 1453) RR: Anpyeongdaegun “Prince Anpyeong” MR: Anp’yŏng Taegun /an.pʰjʌŋ dɛː.ɡun/ [an.pʰjʌŋ|d̥ɛː.ɡun → an.pʰjʌŋ.dɛ.ɡun] (M) son of King Sejong 세종의 아들
- 유자광 柳子光 (? – 1512) RR: Yu Ja(-)gwang MR: Yu Cha-gwang /ᴸju ʣʲa.ɡwaŋ/ [ju|ʣ̥ʲa.ɡwaŋ → ju.ʣʲa.ɡwaŋ] (M) civil official 문신
- 이순지[이ː–] 李純之 (? – 1465) RR: I Sun(-)ji MR: Yi Sun-ji /ᴸiː z̥ʰun.ʣʲi/ [iː.z̥ʰun.ʣʲi] (M) mathematician 수학자
- 이시애[이ː–] 李施愛 (? – 1467) RR: I Si(-)ae MR: Yi Si-ae /ᴸiː z̥ʰiː.ɛ/ [iː|ɕʰiː.ɛ → iː.ɕʰi.ɛ] (M) military official, rebel leader 무신·반란군 지도자
- 이예[이ː-] 李藝 (1419 – 1480) RR: I Ye MR: Yi Ye /ᴸiː jeː/ [iː|jeː → iː.je] (M) civil official 문신
- 이종무[이ː–] 李從茂 (1360 – 1425) RR: I Jong(-)mu MR: Yi Chong-mu /ᴸiː ʣʲoŋ.mu/ [iː|ʣ̥ʲoŋ.mu → iː.ʣʲoŋ.mu] (M) military official 무신
- 이천[이ː-] 李蕆 (1376 – 1451) RR: I Cheon MR: Yi Ch’ŏn /ᴸiː ʦʲʰʌn/ [iː.ʦʲʰʌn] (M) military official, scientist 무신·과학자·발명가
- 장영실 蔣英實 (? – ?) RR: Jang Yeong(-)sil MR: Chang Yŏng-sil /ʣʲaŋ jʌŋ.z̥ʰil/ [ʣ̥ʲaŋ.jʌŋ.ɕʰil] (M) scientist, inventor 과학자·발명가
- 정도전[정ː-] 鄭道傳 (1342 – 1398) RR: Jeong Do(-)jeon MR: Chŏng To-jŏn /ʣʲʌːŋ doː.ʣʲʌn/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ|d̥oː.ʣʲʌn → ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.do.ʣʲʌn] (M) politican, scholar 정치가·학자
- 정인지[정ː-] 鄭麟趾 (1396 – 1478) RR: Jeong In(-)ji MR: Chŏng In-ji /ʣʲʌːŋ ᴸin.ʣʲi/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.in.ʣʲi] (M) prime minister, scholar 재상·학자
- 최만리[최말-/췌말-] 崔萬理 (? – 1445) RR: Choe Man(-)ri MR: Ch’oe Mal-li /ʦʲʰø maːn.li → ʦʲʰø maːl.li/ [ʦʲʰø, ʦʲʰwe|maːl.li → ʦʲʰø.mal.li, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- 최부 崔溥 (1454 – 1504) RR: Choe Bu MR: Ch’oe Pu /ʦʲʰø bu/ [ʦʲʰø, ʦʲʰwe|b̥u → ʦʲʰø.bu, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) civil official, traveller 문신·여행가
- 하윤 河崙 (1347 – 1416) RR: Ha Yun MR: Ha Yun /ha ᴸjun/ [ha.jun] or 또는 하륜 河崙 RR: Ha Ryun MR: Ha Ryun /ha ljun/ [ha.ɾjun] (M) civil official 문신
- 한명회[–회/–훼] 韓明澮 (1415 – 1487) RR: Han Myeong(-)hoe MR: Han Myŏng-hoe /han mjʌŋ.hø/ [han.mjʌŋ.ɦø, -ɦwe] (M) prime minister 재상
- 황희 黃喜 (1363 – 1452) RR: Hwang Hui MR: Hwang Hŭi /hwaŋ hi/ [hwaŋ.ɦi] (M) prime minister 재상
People of Middle Joseon: from Jungjong to the Second Manchu Invasion (1506–1637) 조선 중기의 인물: 중종부터 병자호란까지
- 강홍립[–닙] 姜弘立 (1560 – 1627) RR: Gang Hong(-)nip MR: Kang Hong-nip /ɡaŋ hoŋ.lib → ɡaŋ hoŋ.nib/ [ɡ̊aŋ|hoŋ.nip → ɡ̊aŋ.ɦoŋ.nip] (M) military official 무신
- 곽재우[-째-] 郭再祐 (1552 – 1617) RR: Gwak Jae(-)u MR: Kwak Chae-u /ɡwaɡ ʣʲɛː.u/ [ɡ̊wak|ʣ̥ʲɛː.u → ɡ̊wak.ʦʲɛ.u] (M) militia leader 의병장
- 권율 權慄 (1537 – 1599) RR: Gwon Yul MR: Kwŏn Yul /ɡwʌn ᴸjul/ [ɡ̊wʌn|jul → ɡ̊wʌ.njul, ↓ɡ̊wʌn.njul] (M) general 장군
- 김시민 金時敏 (1554 – 1592) RR: Gim Si(-)min MR: Kim Si-min /ɡim z̥ʰi.min/ [ɡ̊im.ɕʰi.min] (M) military official 무신
- 김장생 金長生 (1548 – 1631) RR: Gim Jang(-)saeng MR: Kim Chang-saeng /ɡim ʣʲaŋ.z̥ʰɛŋ/ [ɡ̊im|ʣ̥ʲaŋ.z̥ʰɛŋ → ɡ̊im.ʣʲaŋ.z̥ʰɛŋ] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- 박세무[-쎄-] 朴世茂 (1487 – 1554) RR: Bak Se(-)mu MR: Pak Se-mu /baɡ z̥ʰeː.mu/ [b̥ak|z̥ʰeː.mu → b̥ak.se.mu] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- byname 호: 소요당 逍遙堂 RR: Soyodang MR: Soyodang /z̥ʰo.jo.daŋ/ [z̥ʰo.jo.daŋ]
- 박인로[바길-] 朴仁老 (1561 – 1642) RR: Bak In(-)ro MR: Pak Il-lo /baɡ in.lo → baɡ il.lo/ [b̥ak|il.lo → b̥a.ɡil.lo] (M) poet 시인
- 송덕봉[송ː-뽕] 宋德峯 (1521 – 1578) RR: Song Deok(-)bong MR: Song Tŏk-pong /z̥ʰoːŋ dʌɡ.boŋ → z̥ʰoːŋ dʌɡ.poŋ/ [z̥ʰoːŋ|d̥ʌk.poŋ → z̥ʰoːŋ.dʌk.poŋ] (F) poet 시인
- byname 호: 덕봉 德峯 RR: Deokbong MR: Tŏkpong /dʌɡ.boŋ → dʌɡ.poŋ/ [d̥ʌk.poŋ]
- 송상현[송ː–] 宋象賢 (1551 – 1592) RR: Song Sang(-)hyeon MR: Song Sang-hyŏn /z̥ʰoːŋ z̥ʰaŋ.hjʌn/ [z̥ʰoːŋ.z̥ʰaŋ.ɦjʌn] (M) civil official 문신
- 신입 申砬 (1537 – 1599) RR: Sin Ip MR: Sin Ip /z̥ʰin ᴸib/ [ɕʰin|ip → ɕʰin.ip] or 또는 신립[실-] 申砬 RR: Sin Rip MR: Sin Rip /z̥ʰin lib/ [ɕʰil.lip] (M) military official 무신
- 신사임당 申師任堂 (1504 – 1551) RR: Sin Saimdang MR: Sin Saimdang /z̥ʰin z̥ʰa.im.daŋ/ [ɕʰin.z̥ʰa.im.daŋ] or 또는 사임당^신씨 師任堂申氏 RR: Saimdang Sinssi “Saimdang, Lady Sin” MR: Saimdang Sin Ssi /z̥ʰa.im.daŋ z̥ʰin-si/ [z̥ʰa.im.daŋ.ɕʰin.ɕ͈i] (F) painter, poet 화가·시인
- 양사언 楊士彦 (1517 – 1584) RR: Yang Sa(-)eon MR: Yang Sa-ŏn /jaŋ z̥ʰaː.ʌn/ [jaŋ|z̥ʰaː.ʌn → jaŋ.z̥ʰa.ʌn] (M) civil official, calligrapher 문신·서예가
- 유성룡[–뇽] 柳成龍 (1542 – 1607) RR: Yu Seong(-)ryong MR: Yu Sŏng-nyong /ᴸju z̥ʰʌŋ.ljoŋ → ᴸju z̥ʰʌŋ.njoŋ/ [ju.z̥ʰʌŋ.njoŋ] (M) prime minister 재상
- byname 호: 서애 西厓 RR: Seoae MR: Sŏae /z̥ʰʌ.ɛ/ [z̥ʰʌ.ɛ]
- 유정 惟政 (1544 – 1610) RR: Yujeong MR: Yujŏng /ju.ʣʲʌŋ/ [ju.ʣʲʌŋ] (M) Buddhist monk, monk militia leader 승려·승병장
- byname 호: 사명당[사ː–] 四溟堂 RR: Samyeongdang MR: Samyŏngdang /z̥ʰaː.mjʌŋ.daŋ/ [z̥ʰaː.mjʌŋ.daŋ]
- honorific name 경칭: 사명^대사[사ː—] 四溟大師 RR: Samyeong Daesa “Great Master Samyeong” MR: Samyŏng Taesa /z̥ʰaː.mjʌŋ dɛː.z̥ʰa/ [z̥ʰaː.mjʌŋ|d̥ɛː.z̥ʰa → z̥ʰaː.mjʌŋ.dɛ.z̥ʰa]
- 유희춘[-히-] 柳希春 (1513 – 1577) RR: Yu Hui(-)chun MR: Yu Hŭi-ch’un /ᴸju hi.ʦʲʰun/ [ju|hi.ʦʲʰun →ju.ɦi.ʦʲʰun] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- byname 호: 미암 眉巖 RR: Miam MR: Miam /mi.am/ [mi.am]
- 이괄[이ː-] 李适 (1587 – 1624) RR: I Gwal MR: Yi Kwal /ᴸiː ɡwal/ [iː|ɡ̊wal → iː.ɡwal] (M) military official 무신
- 이덕형[이ː더켱] 李德馨 (1561 – 1613) RR: I Deok(-)hyeong MR: Yi Tŏk-hyŏng /ᴸiː dʌɡ.hjʌŋ → ᴸiː dʌ.kʰjʌŋ/ [iː|d̥ʌ.kʰjʌŋ → iː.dʌ.kʰjʌŋ] (M) prime minister 재상
- byname 호: 한음[하ː늠] 漢陰 RR: Haneum MR: Hanŭm /haː.nɯm/ [haː.nɯm]
- 이매창[이ː–] 李梅窓 (1573 – 1610) RR: I Mae(-)chang MR: Yi Mae-ch’ang /ᴸiː mɛ.ʦʲʰaŋ/ [iː.mɛ.ʦʲʰaŋ] (F) courtesan, poet 기생·시인
- byname 호: 매창 梅窓 RR: Maechang MR: Maech’ang /mɛ.ʦʲʰaŋ/ [mɛ.ʦʲʰaŋ]
- byname 호: 계생[계ː-/게ː-] 桂生 RR: Gyesaeng MR: Kyesaeng /ɡjeː.z̥ʰɛŋ/ [ɡ̊jeː.z̥ʰɛŋ]
- byname 호: 계랑[계ː-/게ː-] 桂浪 RR: Gyerang MR: Kyerang /ɡjeː.laŋ/ [ɡ̊jeː.ɾaŋ]
- original name 본명: 이향금[이ː–] 李香今 RR: I Hyang(-)geum MR: Yi Hyang-gŭm /ᴸiː hjaŋ.ɡɯm/ [iː|hjaŋ.ɡɯm → iː.ɦjaŋ.ɡɯm]
- 이수광[이ː–] 李睟光 (1563 – 1628) RR: I Su(-)gwang MR: Yi Su-gwang /ᴸiː z̥ʰu.ɡwaŋ/ [iː.z̥ʰu.ɡwaŋ] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- byname 호: 지봉 芝峯 RR: Jibong MR: Chibong /ʣʲi.boŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲi.boŋ]
- 이순신[이ː–] 李舜臣 (1545 – 1598) RR: I Sun(-)sin MR: Yi Sun-sin /ᴸiː z̥ʰun.z̥ʰin/ [iː.z̥ʰun.ɕʰin] (M) admiral 장군
- posthumous title 시호: 충무공 忠武公 RR: Chungmugong MR: Ch’ungmugong /ʦʲʰuŋ.mu.ɡoŋ/ [ʦʲʰuŋ.mu.ɡoŋ]
- 이이[이ː-] 李珥 (1536 – 1584) RR: I i MR: Yi I /ᴸiː i/ [iː.i] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- byname 호: 율곡 栗谷 RR: Yulgok MR: Yulgok /ᴸjul.ɡoɡ/ [jul.ɡok]
- 이원익[이ː–] 李元翼 (1547 – 1634) RR: I Won(-)ik MR: Yi Wŏn-ik /ᴸiː wʌn.iɡ/ [iː.wʌ.nik] (M) prime minister 재상
- 이지함[이ː–] 李之菡 (1517 – 1578) RR: I Ji(-)ham MR: Yi Chi-ham /ᴸiː ʣʲi.ham/ [iː|ʣ̥ʲi.ɦam → iː.ʣʲi.ɦam] (M) scholar 학자
- byname 호: 토정 土亭 RR: Tojeong MR: T’ojŏng /tʰo.ʣʲʌŋ/ [tʰo.ʣʲʌŋ]
- 이항복[이ː–] 李恒福 (1556 – 1618) RR: I Hang(-)bok MR: Yi Hang-bok /ᴸiː haŋ.boɡ/ [iː|haŋ.bok → iː.ɦaŋ.bok] (M) prime minister 재상
- alternative name 별칭: 오성 鰲城 RR: Oseong MR: Osŏng /o.z̥ʰʌŋ/ [o.z̥ʰʌŋ]
- 이황[이ː-] 李滉 (1501 – 1570) RR: I Hwang MR: Yi Hwang /ᴸiː hwaŋ/ [iː|hwaŋ → iː.ɦwaŋ] (M) Neo-Confucian scholar 성리학자
- byname 호: 퇴계[퇴ː계/퉤ː게] 退溪 RR: Toegye MR: T’oegye /tʰøː.ɡje/ [tʰøː.ɡje, tʰweː-]
- 임경업 林慶業 (1594 – 1646) RR: Im Gyeong(-)eop MR: Im Kyŏng-ŏp /ᴸim ɡjʌːŋ.ʌb/ [im|ɡ̊jəːŋ.ʌp → im.ɡjʌŋ.ʌp] (M) general 장군
- 임꺽정[–쩡] 林巪正 (? – 1562) RR: Im Kkeok(-)jeong MR: Im Kkŏk-chŏng /ᴸim kʌɡ.ʣʲʌŋ → ᴸim kʌɡ.ʦʲʌŋ/ [im.kʌk.ʦʲʌŋ] (M) outlaw 무법자
- 정여립[정ː-] 鄭汝立 (1546 – 1589) RR: Jeong Yeo(-)rip MR: Chŏng Yŏ-rip /ʣʲʌːŋ jʌː.lib/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ|jəː.ɾip → ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.jʌ.ɾip, ↓-njʌ-] (M) civil official 문신
- 정철[정ː-] 鄭澈 (1536 – 1593) RR: Jeong Cheol MR: Chŏng ch’ŏl /ʣʲʌːŋ ʦʲʰʌl/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.ʦʲʰʌl] (M) civil official, poet 문신·시인
- byname 호: 송강 松江 RR: Songgang MR: Songgang /z̥ʰoŋ.ɡaŋ/ [z̥ʰoŋ.ɡaŋ]
- 정평구[정ː–] 鄭平九 (? – ?) RR: Jeong Pyeong(-)gu MR: Chŏng P’yŏng-gu /ʣʲʌːŋ pʰjʌŋ.ɡu/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.pʰjʌŋ.ɡu] (M) inventor 발명가
- 조광조[조ː–] 趙光祖 (1482 – 1519) RR: Jo Gwang(-)jo MR: Cho Kwang-jo /ʣʲoː ɡwaŋ.ʣʲo/ [ʣ̥ʲoː|ɡ̊waŋ.ʣʲo → ʣ̥ʲoː.ɡwaŋ.ʣʲo] (M) civil official, Neo-Confucian scholar 문신·성리학자
- 주세붕 周世鵬 (1495 – 1554) RR: Ju Se(-)bung MR: Chu Se-bung /ʣʲu z̥ʰeː.buŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲu|z̥ʰeː.buŋ → ʣ̥ʲu.z̥ʰe.buŋ] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- 최세진[최–/췌–] 崔世珍 (? – 1542) RR: Choe Se(-)jin MR: Ch’oe Se-jin /ʦʲʰø z̥ʰeː.ʣʲin/ [ʦʲʰø, ʦʲʰwe|z̥ʰeː.ʣʲin → ʦʲʰø.z̥ʰe.ʣʲin, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) linguist 언어학자
- 한호 韓濩 (1543 – 1605) RR: Han Ho MR: Han Ho /han ho/ [han|ho → han.ɦo] (M) calligrapher 서예가
- byname 호: 석봉[-뽕] 石峯 RR: Seokbong MR: Sŏkpong /z̥ʰʌɡ.boŋ/ [z̥ʰʌk.poŋ]
- 허균 許筠 (1569 – 1618) RR: Heo Gyun MR: Hŏ Kyun /hʌ ɡjun/ [hʌ|ɡ̊jun → hʌ.ɡjun] (M) civil official, novelist 문신·소설가
- 허난설헌 許蘭雪軒 (1563 – 1589) RR: Heo Nanseolheon MR: Hŏ Nansŏrhŏn /hʌ ᴸnan.z̥ʰʌl.hʌn/ [hʌ.nan.z̥ʰʌɾ.ɦʌn] (F) poet 시인
- byname 호: 난설헌 蘭雪軒 RR: Nanseolheon MR: Nansŏrhŏn /ᴸnan.z̥ʰʌl.hʌn/ [nan.z̥ʰʌɾ.ɦʌn]
- 허준 許浚 (1539 – 1615) RR: Heo Jun MR: Hŏ Chun /hʌ ʣʲuːn/ [hʌ|ʣ̥ʲuːn → hʌ.ʣʲun] (M) physician 의사
- 황진이 黃眞伊 (? – ?) RR: Hwang Jin(-)i MR: Hwang Chin-i /hwaŋ ʣʲin.i/ [hwaŋ|ʣ̥ʲi.ni → hwaŋ.ʣʲi.ni] (F) courtesan, poet 기생·시인
People of Later Joseon: from the Second Manchu Invasion to Cheoljong (1637–1863) 조선 후기의 인물: 병자호란부터 철종까지
- 강윤 姜潤 (1701 – 1782) RR: Gang Yun MR: Kang Yun /ɡaŋ juːn/ [ɡ̊aŋ|juːn → ɡ̊aŋ.jun, ↓-njun] (M) civil official, Neo-Confucian scholar 문신·성리학자
- 강정일당[—땅] 姜靜一堂 (1772 – 1832) RR: Gang Jeong(-)ildang MR: Kang Chŏngiltang /ɡaŋ ʣʲʌŋ.ilᴰ.daŋ → ɡaŋ ʣʲʌŋ.il.taŋ/ [ɡ̊aŋ|ʣ̥ʲʌŋ.il.taŋ ɡ̊aŋ.ʣʲʌŋ.il.taŋ] or 또는 정일당^강씨[–땅–] 靜一堂姜氏 RR: Jeong(-)ildang Gangssi “Jeong(-)ildang, Lady Gang” MR: Chŏngiltang Kang Ssi /ʣʲʌŋ.ilᴰ.daŋ ɡaŋ-si → ʣʲʌŋ.il.taŋ ɡaŋ-si/ [ʣ̥ʲʌŋ.il.taŋ|ɡ̊aŋ.ɕ͈i → ʣ̥ʲʌŋ.il.taŋ.ɡaŋ.ɕ͈i] (F) Neo-Confucian scholar, poet 성리학자·시인
- 김대건 金大建 (1822 – 1846) RR: Gim Dae(-)geon MR: Kim Tae-gŏn /ɡim dɛː.ɡʌn/ [ɡ̊im|d̥ɛː.ɡʌn → ɡ̊im.dɛ.ɡʌn] (M) Catholic priest 천주교 신부
- baptismal name 세례명: 안드레아 Latin: Andreas, English: Andrew RR: Andeurea MR: Andŭrea /andɯlea/ [an.dɯ.ɾe.a]
- 김만중 金萬重 (1637 – 1692) RR: Gim Man(-)jung MR: Kim Man-jung /ɡim maːn.ʣʲuŋ/ [ɡ̊im|maːn.ʣʲuŋ → ɡ̊im.man.ʣʲuŋ] (M) civil official, novelist 문신·소설가
- byname 호: 서포 西浦 RR: Seopo MR: Sŏp’o /z̥ʰʌ.pʰo/ [z̥ʰʌ.pʰo]
- 김병연 金炳淵 (1807 – 1863) RR: Gim Byeong(-)yeon MR: Kim Pyŏng-yŏn /ɡim bjʌːŋ.jʌn/ [ɡ̊im|b̥jəːŋ.jʌn → ɡ̊im.bjʌŋ.jʌn] (M) poet 시인
- popular name 속칭: 김삿갓[-삳깓] 金– RR: Gim Satgat MR: Kim Satkat /ɡim z̥ʰadkad/ [ɡ̊im.z̥ʰat.kat]
- 김부용 金芙蓉 (1800? – 1851?) RR: Gim Bu(-)yong MR: Kim Pu-yong /ɡim bu.joŋ/ [ɡ̊im|b̥u.joŋ → ɡ̊im.bu.joŋ] (F) courtesan, poet 기생·시인
- byname 호: 운초 雲楚 RR: Uncho MR: Unch’o /un.ʦʲʰo/ [un.ʦʲʰo]
- 김육 金堉 (1580 – 1658) RR: Gim Yuk MR: Kim Yuk /ɡim juɡ/ [ɡ̊im|juk → ɡ̊i.mjuk] (M) prime minister, scholar 재상·학자
- 김정희[–히] 金正喜 (1786 – 1856) RR: Gim Jeong(-)hui MR: Kim Chŏng-hŭi /ɡim ʣʲʌːŋ.hi/ [ɡ̊im|ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.ɦi → ɡ̊im.ʣʲʌŋ.ɦi] (M) civil official, calligrapher, painter, epigrapher 문신·서예가·화가·금석학자
- byname 호: 추사 秋史 RR: Chusa MR: Ch’usa /ʦʲʰu.z̥ʰa/ [ʦʲʰu.z̥ʰa] or 또는 완당 阮堂 RR: Wandang MR: Wandang /waːn.daŋ/ [waːn.daŋ]
- 김조순 金祖淳 (1765 – 1832) RR: Gim Jo(-)sun MR: Kim Cho-sun /ɡim ʣʲo.z̥ʰun/ [ɡ̊im|ʣ̥ʲo.z̥ʰun → ɡ̊im.ʣʲo.z̥ʰun] (M) civil official 문신
- 김홍도 金弘道 (1745 – ?) RR: Gim Hong(-)do MR: Kim Hong-do /ɡim hoŋ.do/ [ɡ̊im|hoŋ.do → ɡ̊im.ɦoŋ.do] (M) painter 화가
- byname 호: 단원 檀園 RR: Danwon MR: Tanwŏn /dan.wʌn/ [d̥a.nwʌn]
- 문순득 文淳得 (1777 – 1847) RR: Mun Sun(-)deuk MR: Mun Sun-dŭk /mun z̥ʰun.dɯɡ/ [mun.z̥ʰun.dɯk] (M) merchant, traveller 상인·여행가
- 박문수[방–] 朴文秀 (1691 – 1756) RR: Bak Mun(-)su MR: Pak Mun-su /baɡ mun.z̥ʰu/ [b̥ak|mun.z̥ʰu → b̥aŋ.mun.z̥ʰu] (M) civil official 문신
- 박세당[-쎄-] 朴世堂 (1629 – 1703) RR: Bak Se(-)dang MR: Pak Se-dang /baɡ z̥ʰeː.daŋ/ [b̥ak|z̥ʰeː.daŋ → b̥ak.se.daŋ] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- 박제가[-쩨-] 朴齊家 (1750 – 1805) RR: Bak Je(-)ga MR: Pak Che-ga /baɡ ʣʲe.ɡa/ [b̥ak|ʣ̥ʲe.ɡa → b̥ak.ʦʲe.ɡa] (M) practical scholar 실학자
- 박지원[-찌-] 朴趾源 (1737 – 1805) RR: Bak Ji(-)won MR: Pak Chi-wŏn /baɡ ʣʲi.wʌn/ [b̥ak|ʣ̥ʲi.wʌn → b̥ak.ʦʲi.wʌn] (M) practical scholar 실학자
- byname 호: 연암[여ː남] 燕巖 RR: Yeonam MR: Yŏnam /jʌːn.am/ [jəː.nam]
- 사도^세자 思悼世子 (1735 – 1762) RR: Sado Seja “Crown Prince Sado” MR: Sado Seja /z̥ʰa.do z̥ʰeː.ʣʲa/ [z̥ʰa.do|z̥ʰeː.ʣʲa → z̥ʰa.do.z̥ʰe.ʣʲa] or 또는 장헌^세자 莊獻世子 RR: Jangheon Seja “Crown Prince Jangheon” MR: Changhŏn Seja /ʣʲaŋ.hʌn z̥ʰeː.ʣʲa/ [ʣ̥ʲaŋ.ɦʌn|z̥ʰeː.ʣʲa → ʣ̥ʲaŋ.ɦʌn.z̥ʰe.ʣʲa] (M) son of King Yeongjo 영조의 아들
- 서호수 徐浩修 (1736 – 1799) RR: Seo Ho(-)su MR: Sŏ Ho-su /z̥ʰʌ hoː.z̥ʰu/ [z̥ʰʌ|hoː.z̥ʰu → z̥ʰʌ.ɦo.z̥ʰu] (M) civil official, practical scholar 문신·실학자
- 소현^세자 昭顯世子 (1612 – 1645) RR: Sohyeon Seja “Crown Prince Sohyeon” MR: Sohyŏn Seja /z̥ʰo.hjʌn z̥ʰeː.ʣʲa/ [z̥ʰo.ɦjʌn|z̥ʰeː.ʣʲa → z̥ʰo.ɦjʌn.z̥ʰe.ʣʲa] (M) son of King Injo 인조의 아들
- 송시열[송ː–] 宋時烈 (1607 – 1689) RR: Song Si(-)yeol MR: Song Si-yŏl /z̥ʰoːŋ z̥ʰi.ᴸjʌl/ [z̥ʰoːŋ.ɕʰi.jʌl] (M) high state councillor, Neo-Confucian scholar 재상·성리학자
- byname 호: 우암 尤庵 RR: Uam MR: Uam /u.am/ [u.am]
- 신윤복 申潤福 (1758 – ?) RR: Sin Yun(-)bok MR: Sin Yun-bok /z̥ʰin juːn.boɡ/ [ɕʰin|juːn.bok → ɕʰi.njun.bok, ↓ɕʰin.njun-] (M) painter 화가
- byname 호: 혜원[혜ː-/헤ː-] 蕙園 RR: Hyewon MR: Hyewŏn /hjeː.wʌn/ [hjeː.wʌn]
- 신후담[신ː–] 愼後聃 (1702 – 1761) RR: Sin Hu(-)dam MR: Sin Hu-dam /z̥ʰiːn huː.dam/ [ɕʰiːn|huː.dam → ɕʰiːn.ɦu.dam] (M) scholar 학자
- 안정복 安鼎福 (1712 – 1791) RR: An Jeong(-)bok MR: An Chŏng-bok /an ʣʲʌːŋ.boɡ/ [an|ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.bok → an.ʣʲʌŋ.bok] (M) practical scholar 실학자
- byname 호: 순암[수ː남] 順菴 RR: Sunam MR: Sunam /z̥ʰuːn.am/ [z̥ʰu.nam]
- 유득공[–꽁] 柳得恭 (1749 – 1807) RR: Yu Deuk(-)gong MR: Yu Tŭk-kong /ᴸju dɯɡ.ɡoŋ → ᴸju dɯɡ.koŋ/ [ju|d̥ɯk.koŋ → ju.dɯk.koŋ] (M) practical scholar 실학자
- byname 호: 영재 泠齋 RR: Yeongjae MR: Yŏngjae /ᴸjʌŋ.ʣʲɛ/ [jʌŋ.ʣʲɛ]
- 유형원 柳馨遠 (1622 – 1673) RR: Yu Hyeong(-)won MR: Yu Hyŏng-wŏn /ᴸju hjʌŋ.wʌn/ [ju|hjʌŋ.wʌn → ju.ɦjʌŋ.wʌn] (M) practical scholar 실학자
- byname 호: 반계[-계/-게] 磻溪 RR: Ban(-)gye MR: Pan’gye /ban.ɡje/ [b̥an.ɡje]
- 윤선도 尹善道 (1587 – 1671) RR: Yun Seon(-)do MR: Yun Sŏn-do /jun z̥ʰʌːn.do/ [jun|z̥ʰəːn.do → jun.z̥ʰʌn.do] (M) civil official, poet 문신·시인
- 윤휴 尹鑴 (1617 – 1680) RR: Yun Hyu MR: Yun Hyu /jun hju/ [jun|hju → jun.ɦju] (M) civil official, scholar 문신·학자
- 이덕무[이ː덩-] 李德懋 (1741 – 1793) RR: I Deok(-)mu MR: Yi Tŏng-mu /ᴸiː dʌɡ.mu → ᴸiː dʌŋ.mu/ [iː|d̥ʌŋ.mu → iː.dʌŋ.mu] (M) practical scholar 실학자
- 이방익[이ː–] 李邦翼 (1756 – ?) RR: I Bang(-)ik MR: Yi Pang-ik /ᴸiː baŋ.iɡ/ [iː|b̥aŋ.ik → iː.baŋ.ik] (M) military official, traveller 무신·여행가
- 이빙허각[이ː—] 李憑虛閣 (1759 – 1824) RR: I Bingheogak MR: Yi Pinghŏgak /ᴸiː biŋ.hʌ.ɡaɡ/ [iː|b̥iŋ.ɦʌ.ɡak → iː.biŋ.ɦʌ.ɡak] or 또는 빙허각^이씨[–가기ː-] 憑虛閣李氏 RR: Bingheogak Issi “Bingheogak, Lady I” MR: Pinghŏgak Yi Ssi /biŋ.hʌ.ɡaɡ ᴸiː-si/ [b̥iŋ.ɦʌ.ɡak|iː.ɕ͈i → b̥iŋ.ɦʌ.ɡa.ɡiː.ɕ͈i] (F) practical scholar 실학자
- 이서구[이ː–] 李書九 (1754 – 1825) RR: I Seo(-)gu MR: Yi Sŏ-gu /ᴸiː z̥ʰʌ.ɡu/ [iː.z̥ʰʌ.ɡu] (M) practical scholar 실학자
- 이승훈[이ː–] 李承薰 (1756 – 1801) RR: I Seung(-)hun MR: Yi Sŭng-hun /ᴸiː z̥ʰɯŋ.hun/ [iː.z̥ʰɯŋ.ɦun] (M) scholar, Catholic 학자·천주교인
- baptismal name 세례명: 베드로 Latin: Petrus, English: Peter RR: Bedeuro MR: Pedŭro /bedɯlo/ [b̥e.dɯ.ɾo]
- 이수민[이ː–] 李壽民 (1651 – 1724) RR: I Su(-)min MR: Yi Su-min /ᴸiː z̥ʰu.min/ [iː.z̥ʰu.min] (M) military official 무신
- 이익[이ː-] 李瀷 (1681 – 1763) RR: I Ik MR: Yi Ik /ᴸiː iɡ/ [iː.ik] (M) practical scholar 실학자
- byname 호: 성호 星湖 RR: Seongho MR: Sŏngho /z̥ʰʌŋ.ho/ [z̥ʰʌŋ.ɦo]
- 이인좌[이ː-] 李麟佐 (? – 1728) RR: I In(-)jwa MR: Yi In-jwa /ᴸiː ᴸin.ʣʲwa/ [iː.in.ʣʲwa] (M) rebel leader 반란군 지도자
- 이재관[이ː-] 李在寬 (1783 – 1837) RR: I Jae(-)gwan MR: Yi Chae-gwan /ᴸiː ʣʲɛː.ɡwan/ [iː|ʣ̥ʲɛː.ɡwan → iː.ʣʲɛ.ɡwan] (M) painter 화가
- byname 호: 소당[소ː-] 小塘 RR: Sodang MR: Sodang /z̥ʰoː.daŋ/ [z̥ʰoː.daŋ]
- 이항로[이ː-노] 李恒老 (1792 – 1868) RR: I Hang(-)ro MR: Yi Hang-no /ᴸiː haŋ.lo → ᴸiː haŋ.no/ [iː|haŋ.no → iː.ɦaŋ.no] (M) Neo-Confucian scholar 성리학자
- 인현^왕후 仁顯王后 (1667 – 1701) RR: Inhyeon Wanghu “Queen Consort Inhyeon” MR: Inhyŏn Wanghu /in.hjʌn waŋ.hu/ [in.ɦjʌn|waŋ.ɦu → in.ɦjʌ.nwaŋ.ɦu] (F) queen of King Sukjong 숙종의 비
- 임윤지당[이ː뮨–] 任允摯堂 (1721 – 1793) RR: Im Yunjidang MR: Im Yunjidang /iːm juːn.ʣʲi.daŋ/ [iːm|juːn.ʣʲi.daŋ → iː.mjun.ʣʲi.daŋ] or 또는 윤지당^임씨[윤ː–임ː-] 允摯堂任氏 RR: Yunjidang Imssi “Yunjidang, Lady Im” MR: Yunjidang Im Ssi /juːn.ʣʲi.daŋ iːm-si/ [juːn.ʣʲi.daŋ.iːm.ɕ͈i] (F) Neo-Confucian scholar 성리학자
- 장계향[-계-/-게-] 張桂香 (1598 – 1680) RR: Jang Gye(-)hyang MR: Chang Kye-hyang /ʣʲaŋ ɡjeː.hjaŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲaŋ|ɡ̊jeː.ɦjaŋ → ʣ̥ʲaŋ.ɡje.ɦjaŋ] (F) cookbook writer 요리책 작가
- 장길산[–싼] 張吉山 (? – ?) RR: Jang Gil(-)san MR: Chang Kil-san /ʣʲaŋ ɡilᴰ.z̥ʰan → ʣʲaŋ ɡil.san/ [ʣ̥ʲaŋ|ɡ̊il.san → ʣ̥ʲaŋ.ɡil.san] (M) outlaw 무법자
- 장혼 張混 (1759 – 1828) RR: Jang Hon MR: Chang Hon /ʣʲaŋ hoːn/ [ʣ̥ʲaŋ|hoːn → ʣ̥ʲaŋ.ɦon] (M) poet, scholar 시인·학자
- 장^희빈[-히-] 張禧嬪 (? – 1701) RR: Jang Huibin “Royal Noble Consort Hui Jang” MR: Chang Hŭibin /ʣʲaŋ hi.bin/ [ʣ̥ʲaŋ|hi.bin → ʣ̥ʲaŋ.ɦi.bin] or 또는 희빈^장씨[히—] 禧嬪張氏 RR: Huibin Jangssi “Lady Jang, Royal Noble Consort Hui” MR: Hŭibin Chang Ssi /hi.bin ʣʲaŋ-si/ [hi.bin|ʣ̥ʲaŋ.ɕ͈i → hi.bin.ʣʲaŋ.ɕ͈i] (F) concubine, queen of King Sukjong; mother of King Gyeongjong 숙종의 후궁·왕비, 경종의 어머니
- 정상기[정ː–] 鄭尙驥 (1678 – 1752) RR: Jeong Sang(-)gi MR: Chŏng Sang-gi /ʣʲʌːŋ z̥ʰaŋ.ɡi/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.z̥ʰaŋ.ɡi] (M) geographer, cartographer 지리학자·지도 제작자
- 정선[정ː-] 鄭敾 (1676 – 1759) RR: Jeong Seon MR: Chŏng Sŏn /ʣʲʌːŋ z̥ʰʌn/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.z̥ʰʌn]
(M) painter 화가- byname 호: 겸재 謙齋 RR: Gyeomjae MR: Kyŏmjae /ɡjʌm.ʣʲɛ/ [ɡ̊jʌm.ʣʲɛ]
- 정약용 丁若鏞 (1762 – 1836) RR: Jeong Yak(-)yong MR: Chŏng Yag-yong /ʣʲʌŋ jaɡ.joŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲʌŋ.ja.ɡjoŋ] (M) practical scholar 실학자
- byname 호: 다산 茶山 RR: Dasan MR: Tasan /da.z̥ʰan/ [d̥a.z̥ʰan]
- 정약전[–쩐] 丁若銓 (1758 – 1816) RR: Jeong Yak(-)jeon MR: Chŏng Yak-chŏn /ʣʲʌŋ jaɡ.ʣʲʌn → ʣʲʌŋ jaɡ.ʦʲʌn/ [ʣ̥ʲʌŋ.jak.ʦʲʌn] (M) scholar, Catholic 학자·천주교인
- 정약종[–쫑] 丁若鍾 (1760 – 1801) RR: Jeong Yak(-)jong MR: Chŏng Yak-chong /ʣʲʌŋ jaɡ.ʣʲoŋ → ʣʲʌŋ jaɡ.ʦʲoŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲʌŋ.jak.ʦʲoŋ] (M) scholar, Catholic 학자·천주교인
- 조현명[조ː–] 趙顯命 (1690 – 1752) RR: Jo Hyeon(-)myeong MR: Cho Hyŏn-myŏng /ʣʲoː hjʌːn.mjʌŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲoː|hjəːn.mjʌŋ → ʣ̥ʲoː.ɦjʌn.mjʌŋ] (M) prime minister 재상
- 최두찬[최–/췌–] 崔斗燦 (1779 – 1821) RR: Choe Du(-)chan MR: Ch’oe Tu-ch’an /ʦʲʰø du.ʦʲʰan/ [ʦʲʰø, ʦʲʰwe|d̥u.ʦʲʰan → ʦʲʰø.du.ʦʲʰan, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) traveller 여행가
- 최북[최-/췌-] 崔北 (1720 – ?) RR: Choe Buk MR: Ch’oe Puk /ʦʲʰø buɡ/ [ʦʲʰø, ʦʲʰwe|b̥uk → ʦʲʰø.buk, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) painter 화가
- 최제우[최–/췌–] 崔濟愚 (1824 – 1864) RR: Choe Je(-)u MR: Ch’oe Che-u /ʦʲʰø ʣʲeː.u/ [ʦʲʰø, ʦʲʰwe|ʣ̥ʲeː.u → ʦʲʰø.ʣʲe.u, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) founder of Donghak 동학의 창시자
- 혜경궁^홍씨[혜ː—-/헤ː—-] 惠慶宮洪氏 RR: Hyegyeonggung Hongssi “Lady Hong of Hyegyeong Palace” MR: Hyegyŏnggung Hong Ssi /hjeː.ɡjʌŋ.ɡuŋ hoŋ-si/ [hjeː.ɡjʌŋ.ɡuŋ|hoŋ.ɕ͈i → hjeː.ɡjʌŋ.ɡuŋ.ɦoŋ.ɕ͈i] (F) wife of Crown Prince Sado, memoirist 사도 세자의 빈·회고록 집필자
- Posthumous title 추존: 헌경^왕후 獻敬王后 RR: Heon(-)gyeong Wanghu “Queen Consort Heon(-)gyeong” MR: Hŏn’gyŏng Wanghu /hʌn.ɡjʌŋ waŋ.hu/ [hʌn.ɡjʌŋ.waŋ.ɦu]
- 홍경래[–내] 洪景來 (1771 – 1812) RR: Hong Gyeong(-)rae MR: Hong Kyŏng-nae /hoŋ ɡjʌːŋ.lɛ → hoŋ ɡjʌːŋ.nɛ/ [hoŋ|ɡ̊jəːŋ.nɛ → hoŋ.ɡjʌŋ.nɛ] (M) rebel leader 반란군 지도자
- 홍대용 洪大容 (1731 – 1783) RR: Hong Dae(-)yong MR: Hong Tae-yong /hoŋ dɛː.joŋ/ [hoŋ|d̥ɛː.joŋ → hoŋ.dɛ.joŋ] (M) practical scholar, astronomer 실학자·천문학자
- byname 호: 담헌 湛軒 RR: Damheon MR: Tamhŏn /dam.hʌn/ [d̥am.ɦʌn]
- 효명^세자[효ː—] 孝明世子 (1809 – 1830) RR: Hyomyeong Seja “Crown Prince Hyomyeong” MR: Hyomyŏng Seja /hjoː.mjʌŋ z̥ʰeː.ʣʲa/ [hjoː.mjʌŋ|z̥ʰeː.ʣʲa → hjoː.mjʌŋ.z̥ʰe.ʣʲa] (M) son of King Sunjo 순조의 아들
People of Late Joseon: from Gojong’s ascension to the throne to the start of the Korean Empire (1863–1897) 조선 말기의 인물: 고종 즉위로부터 대한제국 수립까지
- 김옥균[–뀬] 金玉均 (1851 – 1894) RR: Gim Ok(-)gyun MR: Kim Ok-kyun /ɡim oɡ.ɡjun → ɡim oɡ.kjun/ [ɡ̊im|ok.kjun → ɡ̊i.mok.kjun] (M) politician 정치가
- 김정호 金正浩 (? – ?) RR: Gim Jeong(-)ho MR: Kim Chŏng-ho /ɡim ʣʲʌːŋ.ho/ [ɡ̊im|ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.ɦo → ɡ̊im.ʣʲʌŋ.ɦo] (M) geographer, cartographer 지리학자·지도 제작자
- 김홍집 金弘集 (1842 – 1896) RR: Gim Hong(-)jip MR: Kim Hong-jip /ɡim hoŋ.ʣʲib/ [ɡ̊im|hoŋ.ʣʲip → ɡ̊im.ɦoŋ.ʣʲip] (M) prime minister 총리
- 남계우[-계-/-게-] 南啓宇 (1811 – 1888) RR: Nam Gye(-)u MR: Nam Kye-u /nam ɡjeː.u/ [nam|ɡ̊jeː.u → nam.ɡje.u] (M) painter 화가
- 명성^황후 明成皇后 (1851 – 1895) RR: Myeongseong Hwanghu “Empress Consort Myeongseong” MR: Myŏngsŏng Hwanghu /mjʌŋ.z̥ʰʌŋ hwaŋ.hu/ [mjʌŋ.z̥ʰʌŋ|hwaŋ.ɦu → mjʌŋ.z̥ʰʌŋ.ɦwaŋ.ɦu] (F) queen of King Gojong 고종의 비
- 박규수[-뀨-] 朴珪壽 (1807 – 1877) RR: Bak Gyu(-)su MR: Pak Kyu-su /baɡ ɡju.z̥ʰu/ [b̥ak|ɡ̊ju.z̥ʰu → b̥ak.kju.z̥ʰu] (M) civil official 문신
- 박효관[바쿄-] 朴孝寬 (1781 – 1880) RR: Bak Hyo(-)gwan MR: Pak Hyo-gwan /baɡ hjoː.ɡwan/ [b̥ak|hjoː.ɡwan → b̥a.kʰjo.ɡwan] (M) poet 시인
- 신재효 申在孝 (1812 – 1884) RR: Sin Jae(-)hyo MR: Sin Chae-hyo /z̥ʰin ʣʲɛː.hjo/ [ɕʰin|ʣ̥ʲɛː.ɦjo → ɕʰin.ʣʲɛ.ɦjo] (M) musician 음악가
- 안민영 安玟英 (1843 – 1897) RR: An Min(-)yeong MR: An Min-yŏng /an min.jʌŋ/ [an.mi.njʌŋ] (M) poet 시인
- 장승업 張承業 (1843 – 1897) RR: Jang Seung(-)eop MR: Chang Sŭng-ŏp /ʣʲaŋ z̥ʰɯŋ.ʌb/ [ʣʲaŋ.z̥ʰɯŋ.ʌp] (M) painter 화가
- byname 호: 오원 吾園 RR: Owon MR: Owŏn /o.wʌn/ [o.wʌn]
- 전봉준 全琫準 (1855 – 1895) RR: Jeon Bong(-)jun MR: Chŏn Pong-jun /ʣʲʌn boŋ.ʣʲun/ [ʣ̥ʲʌn|b̥oŋ.ʣʲun → ʣ̥ʲʌn.boŋ.ʣʲun] (M) peasant revolt leader 농민 운동 지도자
- 흥선^대원군 興宣大院君 (1820 – 1898) RR: Heungseon Daewon(-)gun “Prince of the Great Court Heungseon” MR: Hŭngsŏn Taewŏn’gun /hɯŋ.z̥ʰʌn dɛː.wʌn.ɡun/ [hɯŋ.z̥ʰʌn|d̥ɛː.wʌn.ɡun → hɯŋ.z̥ʰʌn.dɛ.wʌn.ɡun] (M) father of King Gojong, regent 고종의 아버지·섭정
- personal name 성명: 이하응[이ː–] 李昰應 RR: I Ha(-)eung MR: Yi Ha-ŭng /ᴸiː haː.ɯŋ/ [iː|haː.ɯŋ → iː.ɦa.ɯŋ]
People of the Korean Empire (1897–1910) 대한 제국의 인물
- 김점동 金點童 Esther Kim Pak (1876 – 1910) RR: Gim Jeom(-)dong MR: Kim Chŏm-dong /ɡim ʣʲʌm.doŋ/ [ɡ̊im|ʣ̥ʲʌm.doŋ → ɡ̊im.ʣʲʌm.doŋ] or 또는 박에스더 朴— RR: Bak Eseudeo MR: Pak Esŭdŏ /baɡ e.z̥ʰɯ.dʌ/ [b̥ak|e.z̥ʰɯ.dʌ → b̥a.ɡe.z̥ʰɯ.dʌ] or 또는 에스더 박 —朴 RR: Eseudeo Bak MR: Esŭdŏ Pak /e.z̥ʰɯ.dʌ baɡ/ [e.z̥ʰɯ.dʌ|b̥ak → e.z̥ʰɯ.dʌ.bak] (F) physician 의사
- baptismal name 세례명: 에스더 Esther RR: Eseudeo MR: Esŭdŏ /ez̥ʰɯdʌ/ [e.z̥ʰɯ.dʌ]
- married surname 혼인 후 성: 박 朴 RR: Bak MR: Pak /baɡ/ [b̥ak]
- 나철 羅喆 (1863 – 1916) RR: Na Cheol MR: Na Chŏl /ᴸna ʦʲʰʌl/ [na.ʦʲʰʌl] (M) founder of Daejonggyo 대종교의 창시자
- 민영익 閔泳翊 (1860 – 1914) RR: Min Yeong(-)ik MR: Min Yŏng-ik /min jʌːŋ.iɡ/ [min|jəːŋ.ik → mi.njʌŋ.ik] (M) politician 정치가
- 민영환 閔泳煥 (1861 – 1905) RR: Min Yeong(-)hwan MR: Min Yŏng-hwan /min jʌːŋ.hwan/ [min|jəːŋ.ɦwan → mi.njʌŋ.ɦwan] (M) politician 정치가
- 박영효 朴泳孝 (1861 – 1939) RR: Bak Yeong(-)hyo MR: Pak Yŏng-hyo /baɡ jʌːŋ.hjo/ [b̥ak|jəːŋ.ɦjo → b̥a.ɡjʌŋ.ɦjo] (M) politician 정치가
- 송병준[송ː–] 宋秉畯 (1858 – 1925) RR: Song Byeong(-)jun MR: Song Pyŏng-jun /z̥ʰoːŋ bjʌːŋ.ʣʲun/ [z̥ʰoːŋ|b̥jəːŋ.ʣʲun → z̥ʰoːŋ.bjʌŋ.ʣʲun] (M) politician 정치가
- 안중근 安重根 (1879 – 1910) RR: An Jung(-)geun MR: An Chung-gŭn /an ʣʲuːŋ.ɡɯn/ [an|ʣ̥ʲuːŋ.ɡɯn → an.ʣʲuŋ.ɡɯn] (M) independence activist 독립운동가
- 유길준[–쭌] 兪吉濬 (1856 – 1914) RR: Yu Gil(-)jun MR: Yu Kil-chun /ju ɡilᴰ.ʣʲun → ju ɡil.ʦʲun/ [ju|ɡ̊il.ʦʲun → ju.ɡil.ʦʲun] (M) reformist 개화 운동가
- 이완용[이ː–] 李完用 (1858 – 1926) RR: I Wan(-)yong MR: Yi Wan-yong /ᴸiː wan.joŋ/ [iː.wa.njoŋ] (M) politician 정치가
- 이인직[이ː–] 李人稙 (1862 – 1916) RR: I In(-)jik MR: Yi In-jik /ᴸiː in.ʣʲiɡ/ [iː.in.ʣʲik] (M) novelist 소설가
- 이중하[이ː–] 李重夏 (1846 – 1917) RR: I Jung(-)ha MR: Yi Chung-ha /ᴸiː ʣʲuːŋ.ha/ [iː|ʣ̥ʲuːŋ.ɦa → iː.ʣʲuŋ.ɦa] (M) civil official 문신
- 장지연 張志淵 (1864 – 1921) RR: Jang Ji(-)yeon MR: Chang Chi-yŏn /ʣʲaŋ ʣʲi.jʌn/ [ʣ̥ʲaŋ|ʣ̥ʲi.jʌn → ʣ̥ʲaŋ.ʣʲi.jʌn] (M) journalist 언론인
- byname 호: 위암 韋庵 RR: Wiam MR: Wiam /y.am/ [y.am, ɥi-]
- 주시경 周時經 (1876 – 1914) RR: Ju Si(-)gyeong MR: Chu Si-gyŏng /ʣʲu z̥ʰi.ɡjʌŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲu.ɕʰi.ɡjʌŋ] (M) Korean language scholar 국어학자
- 지석영 池錫永 (1855 – 1935) RR: Ju Si(-)gyeong MR: Chu Si-gyŏng /ʣʲi z̥ʰʌɡ.jʌŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲi.z̥ʰʌ.ɡjʌŋ] (M) physician, Korean language scholar 의사·국어학자
People of the Japanese colonial period (1910–1950) 일제 강점기의 인물
This also includes the brief period between liberation from Japanese rule in 1945 and the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950.
여기에는 1945년 해방 이후 1950년 6·25 전쟁 발발 이전의 시기도 포함된다.
- 강경애 姜敬愛 (1907 – 1943) RR: Gang Gyeong(-)ae MR: Kang Kyŏng-ae /ɡaŋ ɡjʌːŋ.ɛ/ [ɡ̊aŋ|ɡ̊jəːŋ.ɛ → ɡ̊aŋ.ɡjʌŋ.ɛ] (F) novelist 소설가
- 강상호 姜相鎬 (1887 – 1957) RR: Gang Sang(-)ho MR: Kang Sang-ho /ɡaŋ z̥ʰaŋ.ho/ [ɡ̊aŋ.z̥ʰaŋ.ɦo] (M) human rights activist 인권운동가
- 구본웅[구ː–] 具本雄 (1906 – 1953) RR: Gu Bon(-)ung MR: Ku Pon-ung /ɡuː bon.uŋ/ [ɡ̊uː|b̥o.nuŋ → ɡ̊uː.bo.nuŋ] (M) painter, sculptor, art critic 화가·조각가·미술평론가
- 길선주 吉善宙 (1869 – 1935) RR: Gil Seon(-)ju MR: Kil Sŏn-ju /ɡil z̥ʰʌːn.ʣʲu/ [ɡ̊il|z̥ʰəːn.ʣʲu → ɡ̊il.z̥ʰʌn.ʣʲu] (M) independence activist, pastor 독립운동가·목사
- 김구 金九 (1876 – 1949) RR: Gim Gu MR: Kim Ku /ɡim ɡu/ [ɡ̊im|ɡ̊u → ɡ̊im.ɡu] (M) independence activist, politician 독립운동가·정치가
- byname 호: 백범[-뻠] 白凡 RR: Baekbeom MR: Paekpŏm /bɛɡ.pʌm/ [b̥ɛk.pʌm]
- 김규식 金奎植 (1881 – 1950) RR: Gim Gyu(-)sik MR: Kim Kyu-sik /ɡim ɡju.z̥ʰiɡ/ [ɡ̊im|ɡ̊ju.ɕʰik → ɡ̊im.ɡju.ɕʰik] (M) independence activist, politician 독립운동가·정치가
- 김동인 金東仁 (1900 – 1951) RR: Gim Dong(-)in MR: Kim Tong-in /ɡim doŋ.in/ [ɡ̊im|d̥oŋ.in → ɡ̊im.doŋ.in] (M) novelist 소설가
- 김명순 金明淳 (1896 – 1951) RR: Gim Myeong(-)sun MR: Kim Myŏng-sun /ɡim mjʌŋ.z̥ʰun/ [ɡ̊im.mjʌŋ.z̥ʰun] (F) novelist, poet, actor 소설가·시인·배우
- 김소월 金素月 (1902 – 1934) RR: Gim So(-)wol MR: Kim So-wŏl /ɡim z̥ʰoː.wʌl/ [ɡ̊im|z̥ʰoː.wʌl → ɡ̊im.z̥ʰo.wʌl] (M) poet 시인
- 김억 金億 (1896 – ?) RR: Gim Eok MR: Kim Ŏk /ɡim ʌɡ/ [ɡ̊im|ʌk → ɡ̊i.mʌk] (M) poet 시인
- 김유정 金裕貞 (1908 – 1937) RR: Gim Yu(-)jeong MR: Kim Yu-jŏng /ɡim ju.ʣʲʌŋ/ [ɡ̊im|ju.ʣʲʌŋ → ɡ̊i.mju.ʣʲʌŋ, ↓ɡ̊im.nju-] (M) novelist 소설가
- 김좌진 金佐鎭 (1889 – 1930) RR: Gim Jwa(-)jin MR: Kim Chwa-jin /ɡim ʣʲwaː.ʣʲin/ [ɡ̊im|ʣ̥ʲwaː.ʣʲin → ɡ̊im.ʣʲwa.ʣʲin] (M) independence activist, general 독립운동가·장군
- 나도향 羅稻香 (1902 – 1927) RR: Na Do(-)hyang MR: Na To-hyang /ᴸna do.hjaŋ/ [na|d̥o.ɦjaŋ → na.do.ɦjaŋ] (M) novelist 소설가
- 나운규 羅雲奎 (1902 – 1937) RR: Na Un(-)gyu MR: Na Un-gyu /ᴸna un.ɡju/ [na.un.ɡju] (M) film director, actor 영화감독·배우
- 나혜석[-혜-/-헤-] 羅蕙錫 (1896 – 1948) RR: Na Hye(-)seok MR: Na Hye-sŏk /ᴸna hjeː.z̥ʰʌɡ/ [na|hjeː.z̥ʰʌk → na.ɦje.z̥ʰʌk] (F) painter 화가
- 남궁억 南宮檍 (1863 – 1939) RR: Namgung Eok MR: Namgung Ǒk /nam.ɡuŋ ʌɡ/ [nam.ɡuŋ.ʌk] (M) independence activist, journalist, educator 독립운동가·언론인·교육가
- 박경원[-꼉-] 朴敬元 (1901 – 1933) RR: Bak Gyeong(-)won MR: Pak Kyŏng-wŏn /baɡ ɡjʌːŋ.wʌn/ [b̥ak|ɡ̊jəːŋ.wʌn → b̥ak.kjʌŋ.wʌn] (F) aviator 비행사
- 박은식 朴殷植 (1850 – 1925) RR: Bak Eun(-)sik MR: Pak Ǔn-sik /baɡ ɯn.z̥ʰiɡ/ [b̥ak|ɯn.ɕʰik → b̥a.ɡɯn.ɕʰik] (M) independence activist 독립운동가
- 방정환 方定煥 (1899 – 1931) RR: Bang Jeong(-)hwan MR: Pang Chŏng-hwan /baŋ ʣʲʌːŋ.hwan/ [b̥aŋ|ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.ɦwan → b̥aŋ.ʣʲʌŋ.ɦwan] (M) children’s author 아동 문학가
- byname 호: 소파[소ː-] 小波 RR: Sopa MR: Sop’a /z̥ʰoː.pʰa/ [z̥ʰoː.pʰa]
- 서재필 徐載弼 Philip Jaisohn (1864 – 1951) RR: Seo Jae(-)pil MR: Sŏ Chae-p’il /z̥ʰʌ ʣʲɛː.pʰil/ [z̥ʰʌ|ʣ̥ʲɛː.pʰil → z̥ʰʌ.ʣʲɛ.pʰil] (M) independence activist, journalist, politician 독립운동가·언론인·정치가
- 석주명[-쭈-] 石宙明 (1908 – 1950) RR: Seok Ju(-)myeong MR: Sŏk Chu-myŏng /z̥ʰʌɡ ʣʲu.mjʌŋ/ [z̥ʰʌk|ʣ̥ʲu.mjʌŋ → z̥ʰʌk.ʦʲu.mjʌŋ] (M) biologist, linguist 생물학자·언어학자
- 손병희[–히] 孫秉熙 (1861 – 1922) RR: Son Byeong(-)hui MR: Son Pyŏng-hŭi /z̥ʰon bjʌːŋ.hi/ [z̥ʰon|b̥jəːŋ.ɦi → z̥ʰon.bjʌŋ.ɦi] (M) independence activist, Cheondogyo leader 독립운동가·천도교 지도자
- 손양원 孫良源 (1902 – 1950) RR: Son Yang(-)won MR: Son Yang-wŏn /z̥ʰon ᴸjaŋ.wʌn/ [z̥ʰon|jaŋ.wʌn → z̥ʰo.njaŋ.wʌn] (M) Protestant minister, humanitarian 개신교 목사·인도주의자
- 송진우[송ː–] 宋鎭禹 (1890 – 1945) RR: Seo Jae(-)pil MR: Sŏ Chae-p’il /z̥ʰoːŋ ʣʲiːn.u/ [z̥ʰoːŋ|ʣ̥ʲiː.nu → z̥ʰoːŋ.ʣʲi.nu] (M) independence activist, journalist, politician 독립운동가·언론인·정치가
- byname 호: 고하[고ː-] 古下 RR: Goha MR: Koha /ɡoː.ha/ [ɡ̊oː.ɦa]
- 신채호 申采浩 (1880 – 1936) RR: Sin Chae(-)ho MR: Sin Ch’ae-ho /z̥ʰin ʦʲʰɛː.ho/ [ɕʰin|ʦʲʰɛː.ɦo → ɕʰin.ʦʲʰɛ.ɦo] (M) independence activist, journalist, historian 독립운동가·언론인·역사학자
- byname 호: 단재 丹齋 RR: Danjae MR: Tanjae /dan.ʣʲɛ/ [d̥an.ʣʲɛ]
- 심훈[심ː-] 沈熏 (1901 – 1936) RR: Sim Hun MR: Sim Hun /z̥ʰiːm hun/ [ɕʰiːm|hun → ɕʰiːm.ɦun] (M) novelist, poet, screenwriter, film director 소설가·시인·각본가·영화감독
- 안창남 安昌男 (1901 – 1930) RR: An Chang(-)nam MR: An Ch’ang-nam /an ʦʲʰaŋ.nam/ [an.ʦʲʰaŋ.nam] (M) aviator 비행사
- 안창호 安昌浩 Ahn Chang Ho (1878 – 1938) RR: An Chang(-)ho MR: An Ch’ang-ho /an ʦʲʰaŋ.ho/ [an.ʦʲʰaŋ.ɦo] (M) independence activist 독립운동가
- byname 호: 도산 島山 RR: Dosan MR: Tosan /do.z̥ʰan/ [d̥o.z̥ʰan]
- 여운형 呂運亨 Lyuh Woon Heung (1886 – 1947) RR: Yeo Un(-)hyeong MR: Yŏ Un-hyŏng /ᴸjʌ uːn.hjʌŋ/ [jʌ|uːn.ɦjʌŋ → jʌ.un.ɦjʌŋ] (M) independence activist, journalist, politician 독립운동가·언론인·정치가
- byname 호: 몽양[몽ː-] 夢陽 RR: Mong(-)yang MR: Mongyang /moːŋ.jaŋ/ [moːŋ.jaŋ]
- 오세창 吳世昌 (1864 – 1953) RR: O Se(-)chang MR: O Se-ch’ang /o z̥ʰeː.ʦʲʰaŋ/ [o|z̥ʰeː.ʦʲʰaŋ → o.z̥ʰe.ʦʲʰaŋ] (M) independence activist, journalist, calligrapher 독립운동가·언론인·서예가
- 유관순 柳寬順 (1902 – 1920) RR: Yu Gwan(-)sun MR: Yu Kwan-sun /ᴸju ɡwan.z̥ʰun/ [ju|ɡ̊wan.z̥ʰun → ju.ɡwan.z̥ʰun] (F) independence activist 독립운동가
- 윤봉길 尹奉吉 (1908 – 1932) RR: Yun Bong(-)gil MR: Yun Pong-gil /jun boːŋ.ɡil/ [jun|b̥oːŋ.ɡil → jun.boŋ.ɡil] (M) independence activist 독립운동가
- 윤동주 尹東柱 (1917 – 1945) RR: Yun Dong(-)ju MR: Yun Tong-ju /jun doŋ.ʣʲu/ [jun|d̥oŋ.ʣʲu → jun.doŋ.ʣʲu] (M) poet 시인
- 윤치호 尹致昊 (1865 – 1945) RR: Yun Chi(-)ho MR: Yun Ch’i-ho /jun ʦʲʰiː.ho/ [jun|ʦʲʰiː.ɦo → jun.ʦʲʰi.ɦo] (M) politician 정치가
- 이광수[이ː–] 李光洙 (1892 – 1950) RR: I Gwang(-)su MR: Yi Kwang-su /ᴸiː ɡwaŋ.z̥ʰu/ [iː|ɡ̊waŋ.z̥ʰu → iː.ɡwaŋ.z̥ʰu] (M) novelist 소설가
- byname 호: 춘원 春園 RR: Chunwon MR: Ch’unwŏn /ʦʲʰun.wʌn/ [ʦʲʰu.nwʌn]
- 이동녕[이ː–] 李東寧 (1869 – 1940) RR: I Dong(-)nyeong MR: Yi Tong-nyŏng /ᴸiː doŋ.njʌŋ/ [iː|d̥oŋ.njʌŋ → iː.doŋ.njʌŋ] (M) independence activist, politician 독립운동가·정치가
- 이미륵[이ː–] 李彌勒 Mirok Li (1899 – 1950) RR: I Mi(-)reuk MR: Yi Mi-rŭk /ᴸiː mi.lɯɡ/ [iː.mi.ɾɯk] (M) novelist 소설가
- 이상[이ː-] 李箱 (1910 – 1937) RR: I Sang MR: Yi Sang /ᴸiː z̥ʰaŋ/ [iː.z̥ʰaŋ] (M) poet, novelist 시인·소설가
- original name 본명: 김해경 金海卿 RR: Gim Hae(-)gyeong MR: Kim Hae-gyŏng /ɡim hɛː.ɡjʌŋ/ [ɡ̊im|hɛː.ɡjʌŋ → ɡ̊im.ɦɛ.ɡjʌŋ]
- 이상재[이ː–] 李商在 (1850 – 1927) RR: I Sang(-)jae MR: Yi Sang-jae /ᴸiː z̥ʰaŋ.ʣʲɛ/ [iː.z̥ʰaŋ.ʣʲɛ] (M) politician, educator, journalist 정치가·교육자·언론인
- 이상화[이ː–] 李相和 (1901 – 1943) RR: I Sang(-)hwa MR: Yi Sang-hwa /iː z̥ʰaŋ.hwa/ [iː.z̥ʰaŋ.ɦwa] (M) poet 시인
- 이육사[이ː-싸] 李陸史 (1904 – 1944) RR: I Yuk(-)sa MR: Yi Yuk-sa /ᴸiː ᴸjuɡ.z̥ʰa → ᴸiː ᴸjuɡ.sa/ [iː.juk.sa] (M) poet 시인
- 이효석[이ː–] 李孝石 (1907 – 1942) RR: I Hyo(-)seok MR: Yi Hyo-sŏk /ᴸiː hjoː.z̥ʰʌɡ/ [iː|hjoː.z̥ʰʌk → iː.ɦjo.z̥ʰʌk] (M) novelist 소설가
- 임화 林和 (1908 – 1953) RR: Im Hwa MR: Im Hwa /ᴸim hwa/ [im|hwa, im.ɦwa] (M) poet, literary critic 시인·평론가
- 정인보[정ː–] 鄭寅普 (1893 – 1950) RR: Jeong In(-)bo MR: Chŏng In-bo /ʣʲʌːŋ in.bo/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.in.bo] (M) scholar, poet 학자·시인
- 정지용[정ː–] 鄭芝溶 (1902 – 1950) RR: Jeong Ji(-)yong MR: Chŏng Chi-yong /ʣʲʌːŋ ʣʲi.joŋ/ [ʣ̥ʲəːŋ|ʣ̥ʲi.joŋ → ʣ̥ʲəːŋ.ʣʲi.joŋ] (M) poet 시인
- 조만식 曺晩植 (1882 – 1950) RR: Jo Man(-)sik MR: Cho Man-sik /ʣʲo maːn.z̥ʰiɡ/ [ʣ̥ʲo|maːn.ɕʰik → ʣ̥ʲo.man.ɕʰik] (M) independence activist, politician 독립운동가·정치가
- 채만식[채ː–] 蔡萬植 (1902 – 1950) RR: Chae Man(-)sik MR: Ch’ae Man-sik /ʦʲʰɛː maːn.z̥ʰiɡ/ [ʦʲʰɛː|maːn.ɕʰik → ʦʲʰɛː.man.ɕʰik] (M) novelist 소설가
- 최남선[최–/췌–] 崔南善 (1890 – 1957) RR: Choe Nam(-)seon MR: Ch’oe Nam-sŏn /ʦʲʰø nam.z̥ʰʌn/ [ʦʲʰø.nam.z̥ʰʌn, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) historian, poet, cultural activist 역사학자·시인·문화 운동가
- byname 호: 육당[-땅] 六堂 RR: Yukdang MR: Yuktang /ᴸjuɡ.daŋ → ᴸjuɡ.taŋ/ [juk.taŋ]
- 최서해[최–/췌–] 崔曙海 (1901 – 1932) RR: Choe Seo(-)hae MR: Ch’oe Sŏ-hae /ʦʲʰø z̥ʰʌː.hɛ/ [ʦʲʰø, ʦʲʰwe|z̥ʰəː.ɦɛ → ʦʲʰø.z̥ʰʌ.ɦɛ, ʦʲʰwe-] (M) novelist 소설가
- 한용운 韓龍雲 (1879 – 1944) RR: Han Yong(-)un MR: Han Yong-un /han ᴸjoŋ.un/ [han|joŋ.un → ha.njoŋ.un, ↓han.njoŋ.un] (M) Buddhist monk, poet, independence activist 승려·시인·독립운동가
- byname 법호: 만해[만ː-] 萬海/卍海 RR: Manhae MR: Manhae /maːn.hɛ/ [maːn.ɦɛ]
- 현진건 玄鎭健 (1900 – 1943) RR: Hyeon Jin(-)geon MR: Hyŏn Chin-gŏn /hjʌn ʣʲiːn.ɡʌn/ [hjʌn|ʣ̥ʲiːn.ɡʌn → hjʌn.ʣʲin.ɡʌn] (M) novelist 소설가
- 홍범도 洪範圖 (1868 – 1943) RR: Hong Beom(-)do MR: Hong Pŏm-do /hoŋ bʌːm.do/ [hoŋ|b̥əːm.do → hoŋ.bʌm.do] (M) independence activist 독립운동가
So when do you have long vowels on Sino-Korean words? It’s for 上聲 and 去聲, right? Or are there further restrictions? Thanks!
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Yes, theoretically the rising (上) tone and departing (去) tone of Classical Chinese generally correspond to long vowels in Sino-Korean, though the correspondence is not without exceptions. I have followed the Pyojun Gugeo Daesajeon (“The Great Dictionary of Standard Korean”) whenever possible. Please also note that length distinction is only preserved in the first syllable of words, and that among the younger generation, length distinction has practically disappeared.
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